PDA

View Full Version : Is the number of electrons gauge invariant?


Very cryptic
Nov14-04, 07:04 AM
<jabberwocky><div class="vbmenu_control"><a href="jabberwocky:;" onClick="newWindow=window.open('','usenetCode','toolbar=no, location=no,scrollbars=yes,resizable=yes,status=no ,width=650,height=400'); newWindow.document.write('<HTML><HEAD><TITLE>Usenet ASCII</TITLE></HEAD><BODY topmargin=0 leftmargin=0 BGCOLOR=#F1F1F1><table border=0 width=625><td bgcolor=midnightblue><font color=#F1F1F1>This Usenet message\'s original ASCII form: </font></td></tr><tr><td width=449><br><br><font face=courier><UL><PRE>In QED, the number of positrons minus the number of electrons is\nnothing other than the electric charge, which is gauge invariant.\nHowever, the definition of the number of electrons depends upon the\npositive/negative frequency decomposition of the Dirac field, which\nhappens to be gauge dependent.\n\n</UL></PRE></font></td></tr></table></BODY><HTML>');"> <IMG SRC=/images/buttons/ip.gif BORDER=0 ALIGN=CENTER ALT="View this Usenet post in original ASCII form">&nbsp;&nbsp;View this Usenet post in original ASCII form </a></div><P></jabberwocky>In QED, the number of positrons minus the number of electrons is
nothing other than the electric charge, which is gauge invariant.
However, the definition of the number of electrons depends upon the
positive/negative frequency decomposition of the Dirac field, which
happens to be gauge dependent.