Irrational digits countably infinite?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion revolves around the nature of the digits in the decimal expansion of irrational numbers, specifically whether the set of these digits is countably infinite. Participants explore concepts related to cardinality, the representation of numbers, and the implications of counting digits.

Discussion Character

  • Exploratory
  • Technical explanation
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant questions if the set of digits of an irrational number is countably infinite, suggesting a connection to long division.
  • Another participant interprets the question as asking about the number of decimal entries in an infinite decimal representation, proposing that there is one entry for each negative integral power of 10.
  • A different viewpoint emphasizes that the "set of digits" is finite since it consists of a subset of {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9}, but acknowledges that counting the digits can be seen as establishing a one-to-one correspondence with natural numbers, thus suggesting countable infinity.
  • One participant introduces a theorem regarding the sum of positive numbers, implying that if the cardinality of a set exceeds countable, the sum would exceed any finite number.
  • A participant mentions a proof by another member, highlighting an explicit isomorphism between the sequence of digits and natural numbers as an elegant solution.
  • Another participant notes that while rationals are countable, irrationals are not, pointing out the existence of infinitely many irrationals between any two numbers.
  • In response, another participant counters that there are also countably infinitely many rationals between any two real numbers.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

The discussion contains multiple competing views regarding the countability of the digits of irrational numbers and the nature of sets versus sequences. There is no consensus on the implications of these points.

Contextual Notes

Participants express uncertainty regarding the definitions of sets and sequences, as well as the implications of cardinality in relation to sums of infinite series.

Crosson
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Is the set of digits of an irrational number countably infinite?

I suspect the answer has to do with long division.
 
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do you mean to ask how many decimal entries does an irrational number have when written as an infinited ecimal?

isn't there one entry for each (negative) integral power of 10? (not counting the integral part of the number).
 
I interpret this as asking about the cardinality of the set of digits in the decimal expansion of an irrational number. One difficulty with that is that, strictly speaking a "set" does not have multiple instances of the same thing: the "set of digits" of any number is a subset of {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9} and so is finite!

But what you MEAN, I feel sure, is "counting" the digits- that is labeling the first digit as d1, the next d2, how many digits are there? The answer is simply that doing that IS counting them. The fact that you CAN do that means that the set is countably infinite. A set is countably infinite if it can be put in a 1 to 1 relation with the set of all natural numbers- "listing" a set, so that there is a "first", a "second", etc. is obviously doing that. In fact, considering terminating decimals as ending with an infinite string of 0s (0.5 is 0.500000...) then the decimal expansions of ALL numbers are countably infinite.
 
I think it is a theorem that any set of positive numbers all greater than zero, if added together will exceed any finite sum, if the cardinality of the set exceeds a countable set.

Thus if we went from decimal place to decimal place and somehow exceeded a countable set of non-zero terms, the sum would exceed any finite number.
 
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I think that mathwonks proof is the most elegant...he found an explicit isomorphism between the sequence (not set) of digits and the natural numbers. Thanks.
 
rationals are countable, but irrationals are not. Between any two numbers there are infinite irrationals, and you can't know its exact value.
 
Well, there are also infinitely many rationals between any two real numbers. Just countably infinitely many~
 

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