How Much Steam is Needed to Raise Water Temperature from 20°C to 50°C?

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SUMMARY

The discussion focuses on calculating the amount of steam required to raise the temperature of 200g of water from 20°C to 50°C using a 40g copper calorimeter. The key formula used is Q = mcΔT, where Q represents the heat transferred, m is the mass, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the temperature change. The specific heat of water is 4.186 J/g°C, leading to a calculated heat requirement of 25,116 J. To find the mass of steam needed, the heat of vaporization of water (2260 J/g) is applied, resulting in a requirement of 11.11 grams of steam to achieve the desired temperature increase.

PREREQUISITES
  • Understanding of heat transfer principles, specifically Q = mcΔT.
  • Knowledge of specific heat capacities, particularly for water (4.186 J/g°C).
  • Familiarity with the concept of heat of vaporization (2260 J/g for water).
  • Basic algebra skills for rearranging equations and solving for unknowns.
NEXT STEPS
  • Study the principles of calorimetry and its applications in thermal energy calculations.
  • Learn about the specific heat capacities of various substances for comparative analysis.
  • Explore the concept of phase changes and the associated heat transfer during vaporization and condensation.
  • Investigate real-world applications of steam in heating processes and energy transfer systems.
USEFUL FOR

Students in physics or chemistry, engineers working with thermal systems, and anyone interested in thermodynamics and heat transfer calculations.

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hi guys, i have the following question to answer:

a 40g copper calorimeter contains 200g of water at 20 degrees celsius, it asks how much stam must be condensed in order to achieve a final temperature of 50 degrees celsius.
I was just wondering what formula to use?, and do i need to know the specific heat of copper?
 
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Yes, using the specific heat of copper and water, calculate how much heat is gained as the temperature rises from 20 to 50C. The equation for the calorimeter is simply heat gain equals specific heat times delta-T. For condesing steam, you have two parts: the heat loss from condensing the steam and the heat loss from cooling it from 100C to 50C.
 


To answer this question, we can use the formula for heat transfer: Q = mcΔT, where Q is the heat transferred, m is the mass, c is the specific heat, and ΔT is the change in temperature.

In this case, we are trying to find the amount of steam (Q) needed to achieve a final temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. We know the mass of water (200g) and the change in temperature (50-20 = 30 degrees Celsius). We also need to know the specific heat of water, which is 4.186 J/g°C.

However, we do not need to know the specific heat of copper in this case because the calorimeter is not involved in the heat transfer process. It is simply used to contain the water.

So, we can set up the equation as follows:

Q = (200g)(4.186 J/g°C)(30°C)
Q = 25,116 J

This is the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of the water from 20 degrees Celsius to 50 degrees Celsius. Now, we need to convert this heat into the amount of steam needed.

We can use the formula for heat of vaporization: Q = mL, where Q is the heat transferred, m is the mass, and L is the heat of vaporization.

In this case, we know the heat of vaporization of water is 2260 J/g. So, we can rearrange the equation to solve for mass:

m = Q/L
m = (25,116 J)/(2260 J/g)
m = 11.11 g

Therefore, 11.11 grams of steam must be condensed in order to achieve a final temperature of 50 degrees Celsius. I hope this helps!
 

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