I saw this article in a recent issue of ANSYS Solutions. It's a quick but interesting read on a study done to correlate engineering pressure loss data for sudden constrictions in piping systems.
Probably the most interesting point I took from the article is:
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...it is essential that the pressure loss coefficient , determined from the pressure drop across the upstream and downstream pipes in the contraction, is calculated in the regions of fully developed flow outside of the region of influence of the contraction. This could be up to 110 diameter lengths (for high Re laminar flow) downstream of the contraction plane
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Wholly mackerel. That's a long time for the flow to reattach and become developed again.
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