Yes, it is possible for the total bound current to be non-zero in a closed circuit. This can occur if there are sources of magnetism present, such as permanent magnets or current-carrying wires, which create a magnetic field that can contribute to the bound current.
The magnitude of the total bound current can be affected by the material properties of the medium through which the current is passing, the strength and direction of any external magnetic fields, and the geometry and size of the circuit.
The presence of bound current can alter the magnetic field within a circuit, which can in turn affect the behavior of any other currents present. This can lead to changes in the overall resistance, voltage, and current in the circuit.
Yes, it is possible to calculate the total bound current in a circuit using the Maxwell-Ampere equation, which relates the total bound current to the magnetic flux through a closed surface surrounding the circuit.
In theory, it is possible to eliminate the total bound current from a circuit by removing all sources of magnetism. However, in practice, this is difficult to achieve, and some bound current may still be present due to imperfections in the circuit's components.