What Are the Key Details About Shuttle Foam Composition and Application?

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Discussion Overview

The discussion centers around the composition and application of foam used on the Space Shuttle External Tank, including details about its types, manufacturing, and potential issues related to foam loss during lift-off. Participants explore technical aspects and implications of foam behavior under various conditions.

Discussion Character

  • Technical explanation
  • Exploratory
  • Debate/contested

Main Points Raised

  • One participant seeks detailed information about the foam's composition and application methods, expressing uncertainty about its behavior during lift-off.
  • Another participant provides specific details about three types of spray-on foam used: NCFI 24-124 and NCFI 24-57, both polyisocyanurate foams, and BX-250, a polyurethane foam, noting their respective applications and blowing agents.
  • There is mention of changes in foam types used on External Tanks built after External Tank 93, but the implications of these changes are not fully explored.
  • A participant highlights the complexity of the foam application, particularly in the PAL area and Bipod region, where turbulence may contribute to foam loss.
  • Concerns are raised about foam loss being significant primarily on the shuttle side of the tank, suggesting a potential solution involving a kevlar mesh to reduce foam loss, though the feasibility of this idea is questioned.

Areas of Agreement / Disagreement

Participants express varying levels of knowledge and uncertainty about the foam's behavior and application, with no consensus reached on the best solutions to address foam loss issues.

Contextual Notes

Some claims rely on specific sources, such as the CAIB report and Wikipedia, but these references are not universally confirmed by all participants. The discussion also reflects limitations in understanding the full implications of foam behavior under operational conditions.

Spin_Network
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Anyone have details on the Foam, ie its composition..some data on its manufacturer..anything on how it is applied to the Shuttle External Tank would be great. I have an idea on the foam braking away during lift off, but this is purely based on factors I have been trying to tackle with, that are not stress related, so until I know everything about the Foam and how it is applied to the tank, it won't make any sense.

Any tech links would be greatly recieved, thanks.
 
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Most of the External Tank is insulated with three types of spray-on foam. NCFI 24-124, a polyisocyanurate foam applied with blowing agent HCFC 141b hydrochlorofluorocarbon,is used on most areas of the liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen tanks. NCFI 24-57, another polyisocyanurate foam applied with blowing agent HCFC 141b hydrochlorofluorocarbon, is used on the lower liquid hydrogen tank dome. BX-250, a polyurethane foam applied with CFC-11 chlorofluorocarbon, was used on domes, ramps, and areas where the foam is applied by hand. The foam types changed on External Tanks built after External Tank 93, which was used on STS-107, but these changes are beyond the scope of this section.
- from http://anon.nasa-global.speedera.net/anon.nasa-global/CAIB/CAIB_lowres_chapter3.pdf

I believe this is from the CAIB report, but I haven't confirmed it.

See also - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/External_Tank

and - Modification of Space Shuttle Tiles? - post 11
 
Last edited:
He's good like that ;-)
 
FredGarvin said:
He's good like that ;-)
So are you Fred :wink:

Spin_Network said:
A very generous array of links and data, many thanks.

There is also some useful photos showing how the complexity of the Space Shuttle External Tank at - http://www.nasa.gov/centers/marshal...lery/photos/photogallery/shuttle/shuttle.html

The major problem for the foam is the PAL area and Bipod region. The Bipod area creates significant turbulence - vortex shedding off the cylindrical structures.

It appears that the area on ET-121 (on STS-114, Discovery), which lost the foam, was a patch and blend repair. There is definitely a need for improvement in this area.

In reality, the foam loss is only significant on the shuttle side of the tank or roughly 1/3 of the circumferential surface. A kevlar mesh with about 5-8 cm pitch and located just below the surface of the foam would seem reasonable to ensure a reduction in foam loss - but perhaps easier said than done.
 

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