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Can someone please tell me what is the difference of non-canonical and canonical DNA segments? I have searched for in the net, but have not got any good explanations of these names.
Thank you alot!
Thank you alot!
Non-canonical DNA segments refer to DNA sequences that deviate from the standard double-stranded helical structure of DNA, such as triple-stranded DNA, quadruplex DNA, and Z-DNA. On the other hand, canonical DNA segments follow the traditional double-helix structure.
Non-canonical DNA segments can be formed through various mechanisms, including DNA damage and mutations, DNA replication errors, or the presence of certain proteins or enzymes that can alter the DNA structure.
Non-canonical DNA segments have been found to have important roles in gene regulation, DNA repair, and other cellular processes. For example, triple-stranded DNA has been shown to regulate gene expression and quadruplex DNA can help stabilize telomeres.
Some genetic diseases are caused by mutations or abnormalities in non-canonical DNA segments. For instance, a mutation in a gene that encodes for a protein involved in triple-stranded DNA formation can lead to a rare disease called Xeroderma pigmentosum.
Research on non-canonical DNA segments has shown potential for developing new therapies for diseases such as cancer and viral infections. For example, targeting quadruplex DNA structures in cancer cells has been shown to inhibit tumor growth.