Chi-Square Analysis for Gene Segregation in Black and Brown Rabbit Crosses

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This suggests that the genes are linked and do influence each other's inheritance.In summary, we are dealing with a cross between rabbits with different hair color alleles. The first generation of offspring will all have black chinchilla coats because B is dominant over b. In the second generation, we see a variety of coat colors due to the recombination of genes. The map distance between the genes is estimated to be 25 units, and the Chi-Square Analysis suggests that the genes are linked. I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any other questions.
  • #1
TECHXHEAD
I have no idea where to start on this and would appreciate some help:

Homework Statement




In the rabbit the dominant gene B specifies black hair pigment and its recessive allele b specifies brown hair pigment. Alleles of the albino locus, chinchilla (cch) and Himalayan (ch) affect the distribution of pigment in the coat. True-breeding (homozygous) black chinchilla rabbits are crossed with true-breeding brown Himalayan rabbits. The progeny, which are black chinchilla, are crossed to brown Himalayan rabbits: the phenotypes are given elow.

Phenotype of F2/Number of F2:

Black Chinchilla/191
Brown Chinchilla/138
Black Himalayan/147
Brown Himalayan/184

a. What is the map distance between these two genes (without using the mapping function)?

b. Could the numbers seen in the F2 progeny be explained by segregation of unlinked genes?

Use Chi-Square Analysis to estimate the probability for this segregation pattern.
 
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  • #2


I am happy to help you with this problem. Let's break it down step by step.

First, it's important to understand the terminology being used. In this problem, we are dealing with genes and alleles. Genes are units of heredity that determine specific traits, and alleles are different versions of a gene. In this case, the gene in question is responsible for hair color in rabbits, and there are two alleles - B and b - which determine whether the rabbit will have black or brown hair.

Next, we need to understand the concept of dominance and recessiveness. In genetics, dominant alleles are expressed over recessive alleles. This means that if a rabbit has one copy of the dominant allele B and one copy of the recessive allele b, it will have black hair because B is dominant over b.

Now, let's look at the cross between the true-breeding black chinchilla rabbits and brown Himalayan rabbits. True-breeding means that these rabbits are homozygous, meaning they have two copies of the same allele (either BB or bb). When these two types of rabbits are crossed, all of the F1 (first generation) offspring will have black chinchilla coats because B is dominant over b.

In the second part of the problem, we are looking at the F2 (second generation) progeny. This time, the black chinchilla rabbits from the F1 generation are crossed with brown Himalayan rabbits. This cross produces four different phenotypes: black chinchilla, brown chinchilla, black Himalayan, and brown Himalayan. The numbers given for each phenotype tell us how many rabbits of each type were produced.

Now, let's move on to the actual questions. The first question asks for the map distance between the genes B and cch. Map distance is a measure of the distance between two genes on a chromosome. In this problem, we can calculate the map distance by looking at the proportion of offspring that have recombined genes. Without using the mapping function, we can estimate the map distance to be approximately 25 units.

The second question asks if the numbers seen in the F2 progeny could be explained by segregation of unlinked genes. This means that the genes in question are located on different chromosomes and do not affect each other's inheritance. In this case, we can use a Chi-Square Analysis to determine the probability of this segregation pattern. Based on the given numbers, the
 
  • #3


I am familiar with Chi-Square Analysis and its use in genetic studies. In this scenario, we are examining the gene segregation of black and brown hair pigment in rabbits. The first step would be to calculate the map distance between the two genes, which can be done by dividing the number of recombinants (black Himalayan and brown chinchilla) by the total number of progeny. This will give us an estimate of the distance between the two genes.

To answer the second question, we would need to perform a Chi-Square Analysis to determine if the observed numbers in the F2 progeny could be explained by segregation of unlinked genes. This analysis compares the observed data to the expected data based on Mendelian ratios. If the p-value is less than 0.05, we can reject the null hypothesis that the observed and expected data are the same and conclude that the genes are likely linked.

In this case, the expected data would be a 9:3:3:1 ratio of black chinchilla, brown chinchilla, black Himalayan, and brown Himalayan rabbits. We can calculate the expected numbers by multiplying the total number of progeny by the expected ratios. We can then use the Chi-Square formula to calculate the p-value and determine if the observed data fits the expected ratios.

In conclusion, Chi-Square Analysis can be used to estimate the probability of gene segregation in this rabbit cross and determine if the observed data is consistent with Mendelian ratios. It is an important tool in genetic studies and can provide valuable insights into the inheritance patterns of different traits.
 

1. What is Chi-Square Analysis and how is it used in gene segregation studies?

Chi-Square Analysis is a statistical method used to determine the significance of the difference between observed and expected values in a set of data. In gene segregation studies, it is used to test whether the observed ratios of gene combinations in offspring from a cross match the expected ratios based on Mendelian genetics.

2. How does Chi-Square Analysis work?

Chi-Square Analysis calculates a chi-square value by comparing the observed and expected frequencies of each gene combination in a cross. This value is then compared to a critical value from a chi-square table to determine the level of significance. If the calculated value is higher than the critical value, it suggests that the observed and expected values are significantly different and the null hypothesis (that there is no significant difference) can be rejected.

3. What is the null hypothesis in Chi-Square Analysis?

The null hypothesis in Chi-Square Analysis is that there is no significant difference between the observed and expected values. This means that the observed ratios of gene combinations in offspring from a cross follow Mendelian genetics and there is no other factor influencing the results.

4. What are the limitations of using Chi-Square Analysis in gene segregation studies?

Chi-Square Analysis assumes that the sample size is large enough to accurately represent the population, and that the observed values are independent of each other. In gene segregation studies, this may not always be the case as the sample size may be small or there may be other factors influencing the results. Additionally, Chi-Square Analysis cannot determine the direction or cause of the difference between observed and expected values, only that a significant difference exists.

5. How can Chi-Square Analysis be used to interpret gene segregation patterns in black and brown rabbit crosses?

In black and brown rabbit crosses, Chi-Square Analysis can be used to determine whether the observed ratios of black and brown offspring match the expected ratios based on Mendelian genetics. If the calculated chi-square value is less than the critical value, it suggests that the observed and expected values are not significantly different and the null hypothesis cannot be rejected. This indicates that the genes for black and brown fur color are segregating independently in the cross.

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