Fictitious Forces ⇔ Constraint Forces? (re: D'Alembert's Principle)

In summary, fictitious forces and constraint forces are not the same thing. Fictitious forces arise from analyzing non-inertial reference frames, while constraint forces arise from geometric configurations. Constraint forces do not cause a change in momentum or do work, but rather balance out other forces. A force is not required to do work, and work is only done when there is a displacement in the direction of the force.
  • #1
Geremia
151
0
Are fictitious forces and constraint forces the same thing?
 
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  • #2
No, fictitious forces are forces which arise from analyzing within a non-inertial reference frame. Constraint forces are those which arise from a geometrical configuration.

For example, a constraint force would be perhaps a normal force exerted by the surface an object rests on such as an inclined plane problem. As long as the object is on the inclined plane, the object's motion is constrained to be along the inclined plane.

For a fictitious force consider that the Earth is in fact a rotating reference frame and therefore non-inertial. This gives rise to the Coriolis force which is needed to correct calculations due to this fact. It is small in effect but needed especially in large-distanced calculations.
 
  • #3
cmmcnamara said:
No, fictitious forces are forces which arise from analyzing within a non-inertial reference frame. Constraint forces are those which arise from a geometrical configuration.
Yes, but how can geometry cause forces? Isn't force a change in momentum? Doesn't force imply movement? If a force isn't doing work, how is it a force?
cmmcnamara said:
For example, a constraint force would be perhaps a normal force exerted by the surface an object rests on such as an inclined plane problem. As long as the object is on the inclined plane, the object's motion is constrained to be along the inclined plane.
Yes, but what causes the constraint force, if not inertial effects?
 
  • #4
Geremia said:
Yes, but how can geometry cause forces? Isn't force a change in momentum? Doesn't force imply movement? If a force isn't doing work, how is it a force?Yes, but what causes the constraint force, if not inertial effects?
Constraint forces self-adjust so that they are exactly equal and opposite to the force they are opposing. So they do not do work and they do not cause a change in momentum. They balance other forces that would otherwise do work/cause change in momentum.

AM
 
  • #5
One should remember that NET forces produce a change in momentum. Any one individual force may or may not lead to a change in momentum.

A force is not required to do work. Work is the dot product of force and distance, so if the distance is 0, or if the force is applied perpendicular to the direction of motion, then the force does no work.
 

1. What are fictitious forces?

Fictitious forces, also known as inertial forces, are apparent forces that appear to act on an object in a non-inertial frame of reference. They arise due to the acceleration of the reference frame and do not have a real physical origin.

2. What is D'Alembert's Principle?

D'Alembert's Principle, also known as the principle of virtual work, states that in a system in equilibrium, the net sum of all forces acting on the system is equal to zero. This principle is commonly used in mechanics to analyze the motion of objects subjected to constraint forces.

3. How are fictitious forces related to constraint forces?

Fictitious forces and constraint forces are related through D'Alembert's Principle. Fictitious forces arise due to the acceleration of a non-inertial frame of reference, while constraint forces arise due to the constraints placed on an object in motion. Both types of forces can be accounted for using D'Alembert's Principle.

4. Can fictitious forces be observed or measured?

No, fictitious forces are not real forces and cannot be directly observed or measured. They are only apparent forces that arise due to the choice of a non-inertial frame of reference. However, their effects can be observed in the motion of objects in a non-inertial frame.

5. How do fictitious forces affect the motion of objects?

Fictitious forces do not actually affect the motion of objects. They only appear to do so when observed from a non-inertial frame of reference. In reality, the motion of an object is only affected by real forces such as gravity, friction, and normal forces.

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