Heat Transfer: Conduction vs. Convection vs. Radiation

In summary, if the colder body transparent to infra-red, which the hotter body mostly emits, then the hotter body will receive more radiation than it emits, and thus heat up.
  • #1
jobyts
227
64
As I remember learning in school, heat cannot flow from cold to hot. But isn't that true only for conduction and convection? Radiation heat is purely Infrared waves, and there should not be any issue with that. Please correct if I am wrong.
 
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  • #2
Every object radiates EM energy. When it's infrared radiation, we call it radiant heat.If two bodies are at different temperatures, and both are emitting mainly infrared which is incident on the other, then in general the colder body will receive more radiation than it emits, and thus heat up, even though it's also emitting heat rays which are being absorbed by the hotter body. (Shapes have also to be taken into account.)

But if their temperatures are widely different, then which one heats up may depend on other factors, because the main radiation may not be in the infrared band.
 
  • #3
Cue the perpetuum mobile using Faraday isolator...
 
  • #5
Heat an most definitely flow from cold to hot. That's what a refrigerator does after all -_-

The thing is, it will not flow in such a manner spontaneously.
Heat cannot flow from cold to hot without work input.
 
  • #6
It has never been observed not to flow from hot to cold but there is no law that says it cannot
 
  • #7
MrXow said:
It has never been observed not to flow from hot to cold but there is no law that says it cannot
You are correct. However, the odds of that happening are very very very small.
 
  • #8
like 10^-54
 
  • #9
The OP is asking about radiant heat. Read his query.
 
  • #10
Shooting star said:
The OP is asking about radiant heat. Read his query.
Yes, so let's answer it:

Radiation between a cold and a hot object involves both objects radiating photons towards each other, but since the hot object is hotter, it radiates more (via the Stefan-Boltzman law) and the net energy transfer is from the hot object to the cold one. How much is determined by plugging both temperatures into the equation.
 
  • #12
russ_watters said:
Yes, so let's answer it:

Radiation between a cold and a hot object involves both objects radiating photons towards each other, but since the hot object is hotter, it radiates more (via the Stefan-Boltzman law) and the net energy transfer is from the hot object to the cold one. How much is determined by plugging both temperatures into the equation.

I have already given an answer in my first reply.

What if the colder body transparent to infra-red, which the hotter body mostly emits?
 

What is heat transfer?

Heat transfer is the movement of thermal energy from one object or substance to another due to a difference in temperature. This process occurs in three main ways: conduction, convection, and radiation.

What is conduction?

Conduction is the transfer of heat through direct contact between two objects or substances. The heat energy flows from the warmer object to the cooler object until they reach the same temperature. Metals are good conductors of heat because their atoms are tightly packed, allowing for easy transfer of heat.

What is convection?

Convection is the transfer of heat through the movement of fluids (liquids or gases). This process occurs when warmer fluids rise and cooler fluids sink, creating a continuous flow of heat energy. An example of this is the transfer of heat from a hot stove to a pot of water.

What is radiation?

Radiation is the transfer of heat through electromagnetic waves. This type of heat transfer does not require a medium (like air or water) and can occur in a vacuum. Examples of radiation include the warmth you feel from the sun or from a fire.

How does each type of heat transfer differ?

Conduction, convection, and radiation all involve the transfer of heat, but they differ in the way that heat is transferred. Conduction involves direct contact, convection involves movement of fluids, and radiation involves electromagnetic waves. Additionally, the speed and efficiency of heat transfer vary among the three methods.

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