Classical Scattering: Understanding Hyperbolic Orbits

Therefore, for a hyperbolic orbit, θ' would be equal to the initial angle of the particle minus pi. This means that the equation for the orbit becomes 1/r = K[1 - e*cos(θ - pi)] or 1/r = K[1 + e*cos(θ)]. In summary, for a hyperbolic orbit, the angle θ' in the general equation of an orbit represents the initial angle of the particle minus pi, and the equation for the orbit becomes 1/r = K[1 + e*cos(θ)].
  • #1
Amith2006
427
2
I have spent lot of time trying to understand scattering from Goldstein but in vain. The general equation of an orbit is,

1/r = K[1 + e*cos(θ - θ')] where e=eccentricity
I refer to a sentence in goldstein which says, if θ'=pi then θ = 0 corresponds to the periapsis. What is θ' in the case of hyperbolic orbit? As far as the general equation is concerned, θ' is one of the turning angles of the orbit but in scattering there is only one turning angle which corresponds to the periapsis.
Then the equation becomes,
1/r = K[1 - e*cos(θ)]
Please help.
 
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  • #2
In the case of a hyperbolic orbit, θ' is the angle between the initial position of the particle and the periapsis. This angle is typically measured from the position of the particle at the time of the closest approach (periapsis) to the central body. In the equation you provided, θ represents the angle between the current position of the particle and the periapsis.
 

1. What is classical scattering?

Classical scattering is a phenomenon in physics where a particle is deflected or scattered as it interacts with another particle or a potential field. This can occur in various systems, such as subatomic particles colliding or planets orbiting around a star.

2. What are hyperbolic orbits?

Hyperbolic orbits are a type of trajectory in which an object moves in a curved path around a central body, such as a planet or star. Unlike elliptical orbits, hyperbolic orbits have an eccentricity greater than 1, causing the object to eventually leave the gravitational influence of the central body.

3. How are hyperbolic orbits related to classical scattering?

Hyperbolic orbits are often used to model the scattering of particles in classical mechanics. The trajectory of a scattered particle can be described by a hyperbolic orbit, and the parameters of the orbit can provide information about the scattering event, such as the impact parameter and the scattering angle.

4. What is the significance of understanding hyperbolic orbits in classical scattering?

Understanding hyperbolic orbits in classical scattering can help us gain insights into the underlying physical processes and interactions between particles. It also allows us to make predictions and calculations for future scattering events, which can have practical applications in fields such as particle accelerators and space exploration.

5. Can hyperbolic orbits be observed in nature?

Yes, hyperbolic orbits have been observed in various natural systems, such as the trajectory of comets around the sun and the paths of particles in particle accelerators. They are also used in space missions, such as the Voyager spacecrafts, which were launched on hyperbolic trajectories to explore the outer solar system.

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