Equivalence of Norms in Separable Hilbert Space

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In summary, there are two norms defined for a separable Hilbert space, |||u|||_1 and |||u|||_2, using two different Hilbert bases {e_k} and {f_k}. To show that these two norms are equivalent, we can use the fact that {f_k} can be expressed as a linear combination of {e_k}.
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quasar987
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Let H be a separable Hilbert space and let {e_k} be a Hilbert basis (aka total orthonormal sequence) for H. Then

[tex]|||u|||_1:=\sum_{k=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{2^k}|(e_k,u)|[/tex]

is a norm. If {f_k} is another Hilbert basis, we get another norm by setting

[tex]|||u|||_2:=\sum_{k=1}^{+\infty}\frac{1}{2^k}|(f_k,u)|[/tex]

How to show that these two norm are equivalent?
 
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  • #2
Try using the fact that

[tex]f_k = \sum_l (f_k,e_l) e_l.[/tex]
 
  • #3
I did:

[tex]|||u|||_2 =\sum_k\frac{1}{2^k}|(f_k,u)|=\sum_k\frac{1}{2^k}\left|\left(\sum_l(f_k,e_l)e_l,u\right)\right| = \sum_k\frac{1}{2^k}\left|\sum_l(f_k,e_l)(e_l,u)\right|[/tex]
[tex]\leq\sum_k\frac{1}{2^k}\sum_l|(f_k,e_l)||(e_l,u)|[/tex]

and then I'm stuck...
 

1. What is the concept of equivalence of norms in separable Hilbert space?

Equivalence of norms in separable Hilbert space is a mathematical concept that refers to the idea that different norms can be used to measure the same set of vectors in a Hilbert space. This means that while the norms may have different values for individual vectors, they ultimately lead to the same convergence behavior and topology.

2. How is equivalence of norms defined?

The equivalence of norms in separable Hilbert space is defined using the concept of bounded linear operators. Two norms, ||.||1 and ||.||2, are said to be equivalent if there exist positive constants c and C such that for all vectors x in the Hilbert space, c||x||1 ≤ ||x||2 ≤ C||x||1.

3. Why is equivalence of norms important in Hilbert spaces?

Equivalence of norms is important in Hilbert spaces because it allows us to use different norms to analyze the same set of vectors. This can be useful when studying different properties of a Hilbert space, as different norms may be better suited for different purposes. Additionally, equivalence of norms helps to simplify calculations and proofs in mathematical analyses.

4. How is equivalence of norms related to convergence in Hilbert spaces?

Equivalence of norms is closely related to convergence in Hilbert spaces. If two norms are equivalent, then a sequence of vectors will converge with respect to one norm if and only if it also converges with respect to the other norm. This is because equivalent norms have the same convergence behavior and topology, meaning that a sequence that converges in one norm will also converge in the other.

5. Can norms be equivalent in all Hilbert spaces?

No, norms cannot be equivalent in all Hilbert spaces. For two norms to be equivalent, the Hilbert space must be separable, meaning that it has a countable dense subset. Non-separable Hilbert spaces do not have equivalent norms, as there are no countable dense subsets to compare the norms to.

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