Why Nano Particles Increase Certain Properties: Exploring the Reasons

In summary, nano particles have a reduced lattice constant due to a high number of atoms being present on the surface. This leads to changes in properties such as surface area, hardness, strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, and electrical resistance. This is due to surface forces resulting from un-paired bonds at the surface and the increased surface area to volume ratio as the particle size decreases. This ratio is also responsible for the increase in surface atoms in relation to the total number of atoms in the particle.
  • #1
ajayguhan
153
1
I know what is lattice constant but it has been given that nano particles have reduced lattice constant due to huge fraction of atoms being in surface. How come the lattice constant of nano particles reduced due to high number of atoms present in surface?

Why do the surface area, hardness, strength, corrosion resistance, wear resistance, electrical resistance all these properties increase in cases nano particles? There maybe some exception but this is the general trend is there any reason behind it?
 
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  • #2
Surface forces result in changes to the structure of a crystal due to un-paired bonds at the surface.

As particles grow smaller the surface area to volume ratio increases ... and so you end up with different properties due to the surface forces.
 
  • #3
Why does the surface area increase as the nano particle grows smaller in size.
 
  • #4
Ratio of surface atoms to total atoms. In the limit they are all on the surface as with a buckyball.
 

1. Why are nano particles able to increase certain properties?

Nano particles have a high surface area to volume ratio, meaning they have a larger surface area compared to their size. This allows them to interact with other molecules and substances more efficiently, resulting in increased properties.

2. How do nano particles affect the strength of materials?

Nano particles can improve the strength of materials by dispersing evenly throughout the material, creating a stronger and more uniform structure. They can also act as barriers to prevent cracks and breaks.

3. Can nano particles improve the electrical conductivity of a material?

Yes, nano particles can improve the electrical conductivity of a material. They can act as conductive pathways, allowing for faster movement of electrons and increased conductivity.

4. What types of properties can be enhanced by using nano particles?

Nano particles can enhance a variety of properties, including mechanical strength, durability, electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and optical properties.

5. Are there any potential risks associated with using nano particles?

While nano particles have many benefits, there are also potential risks to consider. These include the potential for toxicity, environmental impacts, and the possibility of nano particles interacting with biological systems in unpredictable ways. Further research is needed to fully understand and mitigate these risks.

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