What is somatic cell hybrid mapping and how is it used in genetic research?

In summary, the conversation is about someone looking for a simple explanation of somatic cell hybrid and its use in genetic techniques for an upcoming exam. The article linked is a helpful resource for understanding the basics of this procedure and its application in gene mapping.
  • #1
Bio-student
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Hello,

I have an upcoming exam on human genetics and genetic techniques and I am trying to learn about this procedure. I have searched the internet but come up with more studies that have used this technique rather than a plain 'for dummies' explanation of what it is. If someone could offer one that would be hugely appreciated.

Thanks very much.
 
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  • #2
A somatic cell hybrid is simply a cell with the full complement of chromosomes (not a germ cell) from two different species, With recombination, the distance between two markers can be estimated by how often the two markers transfer together in cell cultures. The following short article discusses the basics.

http://bio-genetic.blogspot.com/2009/04/somatic-cell-hybrids-and-gene-mapping.html
 
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1. What is somatic cell hybrid mapping?

Somatic cell hybrid mapping is a technique used in genetics and molecular biology to map the location of genes on a chromosome. It involves fusing a somatic cell (non-reproductive cell) with a different type of cell, typically a hybridoma cell, and using the resulting hybrid cells to identify and map specific genetic markers.

2. How is somatic cell hybrid mapping different from other mapping methods?

Somatic cell hybrid mapping is unique because it allows for the mapping of genes that are not easily studied using other methods, such as those located on sex chromosomes or those that are recessive. It also allows for the mapping of multiple genes simultaneously.

3. What are the steps involved in somatic cell hybrid mapping?

The first step is to obtain a somatic cell and a different type of cell, typically a hybridoma cell. These cells are then fused together using a technique such as electrofusion or polyethylene glycol fusion. The resulting hybrid cells are then grown in culture and screened for specific genetic markers to determine the location of genes on the chromosome.

4. What are the advantages of somatic cell hybrid mapping?

Somatic cell hybrid mapping has several advantages over other mapping methods. It allows for the mapping of genes that are not easily studied using other methods, it can be used to map multiple genes at once, and it can be used to map genes that are located on sex chromosomes or are recessive.

5. What are the limitations of somatic cell hybrid mapping?

One limitation of somatic cell hybrid mapping is that it is a time-consuming and labor-intensive process. It also requires specialized equipment and expertise. Additionally, somatic cell hybrid mapping can only be used to map genes that are present in the hybridoma cell used in the fusion process.

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