Is Belief in Infallibility the Enemy of an Open Society?

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In summary, the conversation revolves around the concept of an open society, as described by philosopher Karl Popper and tycoon George Soros. The main idea is that an open society recognizes and accepts our fallibility, while a closed society denies it. The conversation also touches on the need for critical thinking and self-learning, as well as the role of ideology and power in shaping society. Overall, the importance of truth and intellectual honesty in maintaining an open society is emphasized.
  • #1
coberst
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Belief in Infallibility

Karl Popper authored the book “The Open Society and Its Enemies”. The concept Popper illustrates in this book sounds much like the concept of a liberal democracy but his concept is more epistemological than political. It is based upon our imperfect comprehension of reality more than our structure of society.

Popper argues that all ideology shares a common characteristic; a belief in their infallibility. Such infallibility is an impossibility, which leads such ideological practitioners to use force to substantiate their views and such repression brings about a closed society.

Popper proposed that the open society is constructed on the recognition that our comprehension of reality is not perfect—there is realty beyond our comprehension and our will cannot compensate for that lack of comprehension. Even though the will of the power structure can manipulate the opinions of the citizens sooner or later reality will defeat the will. Truth does matter and success will not always override truth—truth being reality.

The Old Testament is an example of a tribal society and thus a closed society; the New Testament is an example of universal morality determined by universal recognition of human rights, which results in an open society.

George Soros “was born in Budapest, Hungary on August 12, 1930. He survived the Nazi occupation of Budapest and left communist Hungary in 1947 for England, where he graduated from the London School of Economics (LSE). While a student at LSE, Soros became familiar with the work of the philosopher Karl Popper, who had a profound influence on his thinking and later on his professional and philanthropic activities… In 1956, Soros moved to the United States, where he began to accumulate a large fortune through an international investment fund he founded and managed… Soros has been active as a philanthropist since 1979.”

Philosopher, tycoon, philanthropist, author, and international political activist George Soros says in his book “The Age of Fallibility” that “An open society accepts our fallibility; a closed society denies it.”

Soros declares that America is an open society that does not comprehend or abide by its principles. Soros argues that the principles of an open society are not a product of the Enlightenment. The Enlightenment projected a reality that was in many ways separate from reason, and it was reason’s job to discover reality. In this view of reality, wherein reason had an independence from reality, reality could know absolute truth. “For instance, the theory of perfect competition was based on the assumption of perfect knowledge.”

Enlightenment was an age of hope in which reality was a virgin territory waiting to be discovered by reason. “The scope for reason seemed unlimited”. Reason has discovered a great deal and one very important truth is that there is no absolute truth; humans are fallible.

Although America is an open society, Americans do not comprehend why it is so and thus many contradictions result. Our government was formed on the principle of divided powers and not on the recognition of fallibility. In fact, the Declaration states a conceived absolute truth, “We hold these truths to be self-evident.” The preamble of the Declaration of Independence is based upon natural rights while the text is based upon universal human rights.

An open society is constructed on the understanding that there is no absolute truth; there is a reality beyond our knowledge and that reality will contradict our will at times. America has often pursued success without regard for truth. Truth is easily manipulated or power often overrides truth as a result we often have little concern for truth. Soros calls this a feel-good society wherein society is unwilling to confront unpleasant realities.

An important consideration is that the people must believe in the value of an open society for that type of society to succeeds and flourish. In an open society ‘truth matters’; when the people become accustomed to the prevalence of power or ideology determining actions that society soon gives up the commitment to truth.

A feel-good society is not committed to truth and is soon deprived of the essence of an open society. When this principle is lost so might the open society. “Intellectual honesty and integrity are the values that America needs to rediscover if it is to recover.”

Americans seek entertainment rather than understanding. In an open society business seeks to give the citizens what they want provided that fits within the profit motive upon which business is constructed. Often business must step into guide public desires to fit business interests. In our society the media, wherein the critical faculty generally lay, tends to provide the people what they clamor for, thus the societies critical faculty is steadily diminished and so the bulwark of an open society.
 
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  • #2
Coberst,

I'm sure you have good intent with your posts, but 85% of the time I have no idea what the hell you're talking about.
 
  • #3
I think the problem is more deep and inexorable than simply a system of illogical belief. The main and most daunting problem in my mind is the physiology which gives rise to the kind of ideology that you describe.

Though, removing ideology from the social structure, is I think the best way forward if the goal of the individuals is for the advancement and longevity of the human race.
 
  • #4
LightbulbSun said:
Coberst,

I'm sure you have good intent with your posts, but 85% of the time I have no idea what the hell you're talking about.

Our educational system has not taught us to become critical readers. However it is something that we can learn on our own. Likewise it is important to recognize that we can comprehend only what we are prepared to comprehend. After our school daze are over it is important to recognize that it is time for our real learning to begin. It is the time to begin to become a self-actualizing self-learner.
 
  • #5
coberst said:
Our educational system has not taught us to become critical readers. However it is something that we can learn on our own. Likewise it is important to recognize that we can comprehend only what we are prepared to comprehend. After our school daze are over it is important to recognize that it is time for our real learning to begin. It is the time to begin to become a self-actualizing self-learner.

Thanks. Yes, I do agree with you. More critical thinking courses in high school would better serve our educational system. I've been advocating this for awhile.
 

1. What is the concept of infallibility in relation to an open society?

The concept of infallibility refers to the belief that something or someone is incapable of making mistakes or being wrong. In the context of an open society, infallibility can be seen as a hindrance to progress and growth, as it discourages questioning and critical thinking.

2. How does belief in infallibility impact an open society?

Belief in infallibility can create a closed-minded and rigid society where dissenting opinions are not tolerated. This can stifle innovation and progress, as well as limit diversity and inclusivity. It can also lead to a lack of accountability and transparency, as those in positions of power may feel they are above criticism.

3. Can belief in infallibility coexist with an open society?

No, belief in infallibility is incompatible with the principles of an open society. An open society values critical thinking, open dialogue, and the ability to question and challenge authority. Belief in infallibility goes against these ideals and can lead to a closed, authoritarian society.

4. What are some examples of belief in infallibility hindering an open society?

One example is the Catholic Church's doctrine of papal infallibility, which states that the Pope is incapable of error when speaking on matters of faith and morals. This has been used to suppress dissenting views and prevent necessary reforms within the Church. Another example is the belief in the infallibility of political leaders, which can lead to authoritarian regimes and a lack of accountability.

5. How can we combat belief in infallibility in order to promote an open society?

Education and critical thinking are key in combating belief in infallibility. By encouraging open dialogue and questioning of authority, we can promote a society that values diverse perspectives and is open to change and growth. It is also important to hold those in positions of power accountable and to promote transparency and inclusivity in all aspects of society.

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