Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model

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In summary, the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model of the atomic nucleus was first published in 1965 in journals Science and Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. Despite being in complete agreement with the theory of quantum mechanics, this model was never mentioned in any nuclear physics textbooks. However, Pauling continued to publish papers on this model until his death in 1994. It proposed that protons and neutrons are not independent particles but exist as clusters, which was supported by various publications and evidence. The exact date when this model was falsified is unknown, but Pauling's publications provide insight into the development and evolution of this theory.
  • #1
Rade
Does anyone in this forum known when the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model of the atomic nucleus was falsified as being an impossible view of how quantum mechanics can be used to describe the nucleus ? It was first published in 1965 in journals Science and Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. I cannot find a single textbook on nuclear physics that mentions the Pauling Spheron model--which is strange because the model is in complete agreement with theory of quantum mechanics--of which Pauling was an expert.
 
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  • #2
One last try with this question. Perhaps there is not widespread knowledge of the papers by Pauling on the structure of the atomic nucleus. I have compiled a large number of them, which I provide below. Pauling held that the proton and neutron are NOT independent particles, but always exist as clusters. He also held that this hypothesis was in complete agreement with quantum mechanics. He published on this hypothesis until just before his death (1969 - 1994).

So, my question, does anyone know when in the history of nuclear physics the Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model was falsified (e.g., can you cite the papers so that I can read them) ? Thanks.

Publications by Dr. Linus Pauling on his Close-Packed Spheron Model of the Atomic Nucleus

Pauling, Linus, "Structural Basis of Neutron and Proton Magic Numbers in Atomic Nuclei", Nature, Letters to the Editor, Vol. 208, Oct. 9, 1965, p. 174

Pauling, Linus, "Structural significance of the principal quantum number of nucleonic orbital wave functions", Phys. Rev. Lett, 15, Sept., 1965 pp. 499

Pauling, Linus, "The Close-Packed_Spheron Model of Atomic Nuclei and its Relation to the Shell Model", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 54, No. 4, Oct. 15 1965, p. 989

Pauling, Linus, "The Close-Packed-Spheron Theory and Nuclear Fission", Science, Vol. 150, No. 3694, Oct. 15 1965, p. 297

Pauling, Linus, "Structural Basis of the Onset of Nuclear Deformation at Neutron Number 90", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 15, No. 22, Nov. 29 1965, p. 868

Pauling, Linus, "The close-packed-spheron theory of nuclear structure and the neutron excess for stable nuclei (Dedicated to the seventieth anniversary of Professor Horia Hulubei" Revue Roumain de Physique 11 no. 9,10. July, 1966, pp:825-833

Pauling, Linus, "Magnetic-Moment Evidence For The Polyspheron Structure of the Lighter Atomic Nuclei", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 58, p 2175, 1967

Pauling, Linus, "Baryon resonances as rotational states", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA Vol. 56, 1966, pp:1676-1677

Pauling, Linus, "Geometric factors in nuclear structure", in Maria Sklodowska-Curie: Centenary Lectures. Vienna:International Atomic Energy Agency, 1968, pp. 83-88

Pauling, Linus, "Orbiting Clusters in Atomic Nuclei", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA Vol. 64, No. 3, November 15, 1969, p. 807

Pauling, Linus, and Blethen, John, "Resonance Between a Prolate and a Superprolate Structure of the 162Er Nucleus", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 71, No. 7, July 1974, pp. 2905-2907

Pauling, Linus, "Structure of the Excited Band in 24Mg", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 35, No. 21, Nov. 24, 1975, p. 1480

Pauling, Linus, and A.B.Robinson. "Rotating Clusters In Nuclei", Can. J. Phys., Vol. 53, 1975, p. 1953-1964

Pauling, Linus, "Structure of the Excited Rotational Band in 40Ca", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 36, No. 3, January 19 1976, p. 162

Pauling, Linus, "Superprolate Shape of the Spontaneous-Fission Isomer 240Am^m", Physical Review C, Vol. 22, No. 4, Oct. 1980, p. 1585

Pauling, Linus, "Changes in the Structure of Nuclei Between the Magic Neutron Numbers 50 and 82 as Indicated by a Rotating-Cluster analysis of the Energy Values of the First 2+ Excited States of Isotopes of Cadmium, Tin, and Tellurium", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 78, No. 9, Sept. 1981, pp. 5296-5298

Pauling, Linus, "Comment on the Test for Tetrahedral Symmetry in the 16O Nucleus and its Ralation to the Shell Model", Physical Review Letters, Vol. 49, No. 15, Oct. 11 1982

Pauling, Linus, "Prediction of the Shapes of Deformed Nuclei by the Polyspheron Theory", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 79, April 1982, pp. 2740-2742

Pauling, Linus, "Rules Governing the Composition of Revolving Clusters in Quasiband and Prolate-Deformation States of Atomic Nuclei", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 79, Nov. 1982, pp. 7073-7075

Pauling, Linus, "Discussion of the coexisting O+ band in the doubly closed subshell 96Zr on the basis of the polyspheron model", Phys Rev C 35, 1987, pp:1162-1163

Pauling, Linus, "Regularities in the Sequences of the Number of Nucleons in the Revolving Clusters for the Ground-State Energy Bands of the Even-Even Nuclei with Neutron Number Equal to or Greater than 126". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, Vol. 87, June 1990, pp. 4435-4438

Pauling, Linus, "Transition from one revolving cluster to two revolving clusters in the ground-state rotational bands of nuclei in the lanthanon region"., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Vol 88, 1991, pp:820-823

Pauling, Linus, "Analysis of the energy of the first four excited states of the ground-state rotational bands of the even-even lanthannon nuclei (58Ce to 70Yb) with the model of a single cluster of nucleons revolving about a sphere", Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., Vol 88, 1991, pp:4401-4403

Pauling, Linus, “Puzzling questions about excited superdeformed rotational bands of atomic nuclei are answered by the two-revolving-cluster-model”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci., USA Vol. 89, 1992, pp. 8963-8965

Pauling, Linus, “Analysis of a hyperdeformed band of 66Dy86 on the basis of a structure with two revolving clusters, each with a previously unrecognized two-tiered structure”. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci, USA Vol. 91. 1994, pp.897-899
 
  • #3
Rade said:
Does anyone in this forum known when the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model of the atomic nucleus was falsified as being an impossible view of how quantum mechanics can be used to describe the nucleus ? It was first published in 1965 in journals Science and Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci. I cannot find a single textbook on nuclear physics that mentions the Pauling Spheron model--which is strange because the model is in complete agreement with theory of quantum mechanics--of which Pauling was an expert.

Rade I would be really interested in this "model-theory", looking at the basic idea that you have posted, and the link to papers, I am going to delve into this, I have heard of Pauling, but not come across his hypotheses of Packed Spheron Model, sounds really interesting, and thanks for bringing it to the forum.
 
  • #4
To Spin Network: Thank you for the interest. At another location I have posted internet links to most of the above papers: http://www.brightsenmodel.phoenixrising-web.net [Broken]
--they are from Linus Pauling's personal research notebooks--see this link: http://osulibrary.orst.edu/specialcollections/rnb/ --a great read of how a genius mind works on a day-to-day basis.
 
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  • #5
Hey Rade, I like your posts. Dear bro, don't give up!
 

1. What is the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model?

The Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model is a theoretical model proposed by Linus Pauling in 1947 to explain the arrangement of atoms in a closed-packed crystal structure.

2. How does the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model differ from other crystal models?

The Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model differs from other crystal models in that it takes into account the size and shape of atoms, as well as the forces between them, to determine the most stable arrangement of atoms in a crystal lattice.

3. What is the significance of the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model?

The Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model is significant because it provides a theoretical basis for understanding the properties of crystals and predicting the behavior of materials at the atomic level. It has also been used to explain various phenomena in fields such as chemistry, materials science, and geology.

4. Are there any limitations to the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model?

One limitation of the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model is that it assumes spherical atoms and does not take into account the effects of temperature, pressure, and other factors that can influence crystal structures. Additionally, this model does not account for the presence of defects in crystal structures.

5. How has the Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model been used in scientific research?

The Linus Pauling Close-Packed Spheron Model has been used in various scientific research studies to understand the structure and properties of crystals. It has also been applied in the development of new materials, such as alloys, and in the study of geological processes, such as mineral formation.

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