Why do different pions have different lifetimes?

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In summary, the different lifetimes of pions are due to their masses and decay modes. They are important particles in studying nuclear and particle physics, providing information about fundamental forces and interactions. Pion lifetimes are measured using particle accelerators and cannot be changed, but their study can shed light on various conditions and applications, such as in medical imaging and understanding extreme environments.
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curious george
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I don't understand why the pi(+) has such a long lifetime compared to the pi(0). Can anyone give me a simple qualitatiive explanation of this?
 
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pi(+) and pi(-) are quark-antiquark pairs, each of which is an up and a down. pi(0) is a quark-antiquark pair consisting of 2 ups or 2 downs. When a matter particle and its anti-matter opposite come together, they anihilate (sp?) each other very rapidly. This explanation is somewhat of an oversimplification, but you can see why the pi(0) has a much shorter lifetime.
 

1. Why do different pions have different lifetimes?

The different lifetimes of pions can be attributed to their different masses and decay modes. Pions with higher masses have shorter lifetimes because they have more energy available to decay into other particles. Additionally, different types of pions (charged, neutral, etc.) have different decay modes, which also affects their lifetimes.

2. What is the significance of pion lifetimes?

Pions are important particles in the study of nuclear and particle physics. Their lifetimes provide crucial information about the fundamental forces and interactions within the nucleus and between particles. By studying pion lifetimes, scientists can gain a better understanding of the structure and behavior of matter.

3. How are pion lifetimes measured?

Pion lifetimes are typically measured using particle accelerators, which can produce large numbers of pions for study. Scientists use detectors to track the decay of pions and measure the time it takes for them to decay into other particles. This data is then analyzed to determine the average lifetime of the pions being studied.

4. Can pion lifetimes be changed or manipulated?

Pion lifetimes are determined by fundamental physical laws and cannot be changed or manipulated. However, scientists can study the effects of different conditions, such as temperature or pressure, on pion lifetimes to gain a better understanding of these particles and their interactions.

5. Are there any practical applications for understanding pion lifetimes?

While pion lifetimes may seem abstract, they have practical applications in fields such as nuclear medicine and astrophysics. Pions are used in medical imaging techniques, and studying their lifetimes can help improve these technologies. Additionally, understanding pion lifetimes can provide insights into the behavior of matter in extreme environments, such as neutron stars and supernovae explosions.

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