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Mixed water temperature refers to the temperature of a mixture of two or more different volumes of water that have been combined together.
The temperature of mixed water is calculated by taking the weighted average of the temperatures of the individual volumes of water. This means multiplying each volume by its corresponding temperature, adding these products together, and then dividing by the total volume of water.
The volumes and temperatures of the water are specified in order to accurately calculate the final temperature of the mixture. Knowing the initial volumes and temperatures allows for the use of the weighted average formula mentioned in the previous question.
The temperatures of 20°C and 40°C were likely chosen as they are commonly used as reference points for water temperature. 20°C is often used as a standard room temperature, while 40°C is equivalent to a warm bath temperature.
The final temperature of the water will be closer to the temperature of the larger volume of water with the higher initial temperature. In this case, the final temperature will be closer to 40°C as the 400ml of water at 40°C is a larger volume and has a higher initial temperature compared to the 100ml at 20°C.