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origen87
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How will water flow inside a copper conductor effect the flow of current in the conductor and vice versa?The idea being to cool a tube 1560 metres long with an i^2r loss of 7kW.
Thanks for that. Right, the copper has to be electrically insulated from the rest. That shouldn't be so hard if there was a plastic section at the inlet and outlet of the pipe.vk6kro said:The water will reduce the total resistance slightly if it contains dissolved salts. It will conduct some of the current.
This would be a good effect and not a problem. Compared with copper, the conductivity of tap water would be trivial.
However, the water will have to be electrically insulated since it will have the same voltage as the copper pipe.
This would be difficult, but probably easier if you cool then recycle the water rather than get new tap water all the time. Environmentally it would be better to recycle the water, too.
Have you thought about insulating the water?
I had a look at the calculator. It uses the Hazens-Williams formula instead of Darcy Weisbach, which is ok and gets you in the ball park but doing the equations for this particular geometry, this calculator underestimates pressure drop by about 30 to 50%.Bob S said:Here is a site that has an on-line pressure drop calculator. (There are others):
http://www.engineeringtoolbox.com/hazen-williams-water-d_797.html
I entered 5100 feet length, 8 mm dia, and 1 gal per minute, and got a pressure drop of 686 psi. That's a lot of psi. How many gpm do you need for 7kW? In our lab, we usually have several parallel water loops to limit the pressure drop to about 50 psi.
Bob S
I just checked to see how much the equivalent length changes with coiled tubing and found the equation in Crane TP #410 (attached excerpt). Looks like the equivalent length is much less than the 4 times I'd quoted. The attached provides a formula to calculate that depending on your geometry.Q_Goest said:I'd suggest using an equivalent length of up to 4 times actual length for a coiled tube. It's probably better than that but for the purposes of sizing a line, it's best to be conservative on the high dP end.
The effect of electric current on water is the generation of hydrogen and oxygen gas through a process called electrolysis. This occurs when the water molecules are split into their component ions, which then migrate towards the anode and cathode, respectively, and undergo chemical reactions to form the gases.
The strength of the current directly affects the rate of electrolysis. Higher current strength will result in a faster rate of electrolysis, as more ions are being pulled towards the electrodes and undergoing reactions. Conversely, a weaker current will result in a slower rate of electrolysis.
The amount of gas produced during electrolysis of water can be affected by factors such as the current strength, the surface area of the electrodes, and the purity of the water. Higher current strength and larger electrode surface area will result in more gas being produced, while impurities in the water can interfere with the electrolysis process and reduce the amount of gas produced.
Yes, the process of electrolysis can be reversed through a process called recombination. When the hydrogen and oxygen gases are brought back together and ignited, they will react to form water once again. This process is commonly used in fuel cells to generate electricity.
Yes, there are potential hazards when conducting experiments with electric current and water. The most common hazard is the risk of electric shock, as water is a good conductor of electricity. It is important to take proper safety precautions and use insulated equipment when working with electric current and water. Additionally, the gases produced during electrolysis can be flammable, so it is important to handle them with caution.