CR-39 is a type of plastic material commonly used as a detector for ionizing radiation. It consists of a polymer matrix with embedded molecules called monomers. When alpha or gamma radiation interacts with the CR-39 detector, it causes the monomers to break apart, leaving behind tracks that can be observed and measured.
Alpha particles are high-energy, positively charged particles that can cause significant damage to CR-39 detectors. They tend to leave long and visible tracks in the detector, making them easier to detect and measure. Gamma radiation, on the other hand, is a type of high-energy electromagnetic radiation that can also cause damage to CR-39 detectors, but it does not leave visible tracks. Instead, it causes the detector to darken, making it more difficult to measure exposure.
Exposure to alpha and gamma radiation can pose significant health risks depending on the level and duration of exposure. Alpha particles, in particular, can be harmful if they enter the body through ingestion, inhalation, or through open wounds. They can cause damage to cells and DNA, potentially leading to cancer or other health problems. Gamma radiation, on the other hand, can penetrate the body and cause damage to tissues and organs. It can also increase the risk of cancer and other health issues.
Yes, CR-39 detectors can accurately measure exposure to alpha and gamma radiation. The number and length of tracks left by alpha particles can provide an accurate measurement of exposure. For gamma radiation, the darkening of the detector can be quantified using specialized equipment to determine the level of exposure.
There are several ways to mitigate the effects of alpha and gamma radiation on CR-39 detectors. One method is to use protective shielding, such as lead or concrete, to reduce the amount of radiation reaching the detector. Another option is to limit exposure time and distance from the source of radiation. Additionally, proper handling and storage of the detector can also help minimize the effects of radiation.