Generalization of Comparison Theorem

In summary, the conversation is discussing the possibility of a generalization of a theorem for n-dimensional systems. The theorem states that given restrictions on the functions f and g, if the initial value problems have solutions x_s(t) and y_s(t), and f(x,t) > g(x,t) in a certain domain, with x_0 ≥ y_0, then x_s(t) > y_s(t) for all t > t_0 within that domain. The question is whether this can be extended to n-dimensional systems, with a possible statement being that if f(x,t) is in the convex hull of g(x,t) in a domain D containing x_0 and y_0, and x_0 is in the
  • #1
Only a Mirage
59
0
I was wondering if there is a generalization of the following (roughly stated) theorem to n-dimensional systems:

Given some restrictions on the functions [itex]f[/itex] and [itex]g \in \Re[/itex], let [itex]y_s(t)[/itex] and [itex]x_s(t) \in \Re[/itex] be solutions to the initial value problems:


[tex]
\dot{x}(t) = f(x,t), x(t_0) = x_0\\
\dot{y}(t) = g(x,t), y(t_0) = y_0
[/tex]

Then if [itex]f(x,t) > g(x,t)[/itex] in some domain [itex]D[/itex] containing [itex]x_0[/itex] and [itex]y_0[/itex] and [itex]x_0 \geq y_0[/itex], [itex]x_s(t) > y_s(t) \forall t > t_0[/itex] when the trajectories stay in this domain [itex]D[/itex].

This is a rough statement of the theorem, but I was wondering: is there an analogous statement for n-dimensional systems? For instance, is the following true?

Given some restrictions on the functions [itex]f[/itex] and [itex]g \in \Re^n[/itex], let [itex]x_s(t)[/itex] and [itex]y_{s}(t) \in \Re^n[/itex] be solutions to the initial value problems:


[tex]
\dot{x}(t) = f(x,t), x(t_0) = x_0\\
\dot{y}_{1}(t) = g(x,t), y(t_0) = y_{0}
[/tex]

Then if [itex]f(x,t)[/itex] is in the convex hull of [itex]g(x,t)[/itex] in some domain [itex]D[/itex] containing [itex]x_0[/itex] and [itex]y_0[/itex] and [itex]x_0[/itex] is in the convex hull of [itex]y_0[/itex], [itex]x_s(t)[/itex] is in the convex hull of [itex]y_s(t) \forall t > t_0[/itex] when the trajectories stay in this domain [itex]D[/itex].

This result seems like it should be true, intuitively, but I'm having trouble finding a formal statement of it.
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
Sorry -- I was a little hasty in writing this and meant to say the functions [itex]f[/itex] and [itex]g[/itex] map [itex]\Re^2[/itex] to [itex]\Re[/itex], or, in the second possible theorem, map [itex]\Re^{n+1}[/itex] to [itex]\Re^n[/itex].
 

1. What is the Generalization of Comparison Theorem?

The Generalization of Comparison Theorem is a mathematical concept used in calculus and real analysis to compare the convergence of two sequences or series. It states that if two sequences or series satisfy certain conditions, then the convergence or divergence of one can be used to infer the convergence or divergence of the other.

2. What are the conditions for the Generalization of Comparison Theorem to hold?

The conditions for the Generalization of Comparison Theorem to hold are as follows:

  • The sequences or series must have non-negative terms.
  • The terms of the sequences or series must eventually be smaller than the corresponding terms of the other sequence or series.
  • The sequence or series used for comparison must be known to converge or diverge.

3. How is the Generalization of Comparison Theorem different from the Comparison Test?

The Generalization of Comparison Theorem is a more powerful version of the Comparison Test in calculus. While the Comparison Test can only be used to compare the convergence of two series, the Generalization of Comparison Theorem can be used to compare the convergence of both sequences and series. It also allows for a wider range of comparison functions to be used, rather than just a constant.

4. Can the Generalization of Comparison Theorem be used for absolute convergence?

Yes, the Generalization of Comparison Theorem can be used to determine the absolute convergence of a series. If the series being compared with has absolute convergence, then the series being tested will also have absolute convergence. This can be useful in simplifying the analysis of complex series.

5. How is the Generalization of Comparison Theorem applied in real-world situations?

The Generalization of Comparison Theorem has various real-world applications in fields such as physics, economics, and engineering. For example, it can be used to analyze the convergence of infinite series in physics equations, or to compare the growth rates of different economic models. It is also used in data analysis to compare the convergence of algorithms or numerical methods.

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