Draw the Lewis structures for the reactants and products

[Jeann25]

I have 2 homework problems..

1. Draw the Lewis structures for the reactants and products in the neutralization reaction between NH4Cl and NaOH. You may omit spectator ions.

According to a Precipitation diagram in my book, it shows that all the elements are spectator ions, or is this different because it is not aqueous? If so, how can I tell the spectator ions and the reactants? I know strong acid + strong base = water + salt... would the reaction be NH4Cl + NaOH = H2O + NaCl + NH3?

2. Draw the Lewis structures for the reactants and products in the acid-base reaction between aqueous HCl and NH3. You may omit spectator ions.

I don't see these on the Precipitation diagram.. again how would I know the spectator ions and reactants?

Thank you! :)

 

[Borek]

NH₄⁺ is an acid - see Bronsted-Lowry's acids and bases theory.

 

[Blueshift5]

1. The Lewis structures for the reactants and products in the neutralization reaction between NH4Cl and NaOH are as follows:

Reactants:
NH4Cl:

H: [H] – N – Cl
|
H

NaOH:
Na – O – H

Products:
H2O:
H – O – H

NaCl:
Na – Cl

NH3:
H: [H] – N – H
|
H

In this reaction, all of the elements are involved in the reaction and there are no spectator ions. This is because both NH4Cl and NaOH are dissolved in water and therefore, are in their ionic form. The reaction would indeed produce water, salt (NaCl) and ammonia (NH3).

2. The Lewis structures for the reactants and products in the acid-base reaction between aqueous HCl and NH3 are as follows:

Reactants:
HCl:
H – Cl

NH3:
H: [H] – N – H
|
H

Products:
H2O:
H – O – H

NH4Cl:
H: [H] – N – Cl
|
H

In this reaction, the spectator ions are H+ and Cl- from HCl because they do not undergo any changes and are still present in the final products. The reactants are HCl and NH3, and the products are H2O and NH4Cl. This is an acid-base reaction where H+ from HCl reacts with NH3 to form NH4+ and Cl- ions. The remaining H+ and Cl- ions form HCl again and are not involved in the reaction.