Definitions of greatest and least elements in terms of strict orderings

In summary, the definitions of greatest and least elements in terms of strict orderings state that the greatest element of a set is the largest element in the set according to the ordering, while the least element is the smallest element in the set according to the ordering. These definitions also apply to maximal and minimal elements, which are elements that have no larger or smaller elements in the set according to the ordering. Additionally, upper and lower bounds, as well as supremum and infimum, are defined in terms of orderings and relate to the greatest and least elements of a set. Lastly, elements in a set can be either comparable or incomparable depending on whether they can be ordered relative to each other or not.
  • #1
hmb
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Homework Statement



State the definitions of greatest and least elements in terms of strict orderings.

Homework Equations



Let [tex]\leq[/tex] be an ordering of [tex]A[/tex] and [tex]<[/tex] be a strict ordering on [tex]A[/tex], and let [tex]B \subseteq A[/tex].

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the greatest element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]\leq[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex], [tex]x \leq b[/tex].

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the least element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]\leq[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex], [tex]b \leq x[/tex].

The Attempt at a Solution



[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the greatest element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex], [tex]x < b[/tex].

But then there is no greatest element, because [tex]x < b[/tex] implies [tex]x \neq b[/tex]. So maybe it should be:

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the greatest element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex] and [tex]x \neq b[/tex], [tex]x < b[/tex]?

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the least element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex], [tex]b < x[/tex].

But then there is no least element, because [tex]x < b[/tex] implies [tex]x \neq b[/tex]. So maybe it should be:

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the least element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex] and [tex]x \neq b[/tex], [tex]b < x[/tex]?

While I am at it I might as well also check that I've got some other definitions right:

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is a maximal element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if there exists no [tex]x \in B[/tex] such that [tex]b < x[/tex].

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is a minimal element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if there exists no [tex]x \in B[/tex] such that [tex]x < b[/tex].

[tex]a \in A[/tex] is an upper bound of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordered set [tex](A, <)[/tex] if [tex]x < a[/tex] for all [tex]a \in B[/tex].

[tex]a \in A[/tex] is called a supremum of [tex]B[/tex] in [tex](A, <)[/tex] if it is the least element of the set of all upper bounds of [tex]B[/tex] in [tex](A, <)[/tex].

[tex]a \in A[/tex] is a lower bound of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordered set [tex](A, <)[/tex] if [tex]a < x[/tex] for all [tex]x \in B[/tex].

[tex]a \in A[/tex] is called an infimum of [tex]B[/tex] in [tex](A, <)[/tex] if it is the greatest element of the set of all lower bounds of [tex]B[/tex] in [tex](A, <)[/tex].

Let [tex]a, b \in A[/tex], and let [tex]<[/tex] be an ordering of [tex]A[/tex]. We say that [tex]a[/tex] and [tex]b[/tex] are comparable in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if [tex]a < b[/tex] or [tex]b < a[/tex]. We say that [tex]a[/tex] and [tex]b[/tex] are incomparable if they are not comparable (i.e., if [tex]a \neq b[/tex] and neither [tex]a < b[/tex] nor [tex]b < a[/tex] .
 
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  • #2
hmb said:

[tex]b \in B[/tex] is the greatest element of [tex]B[/tex] in the ordering [tex]<[/tex] if, for every [tex]x \in B[/tex] and [tex]x \neq b[/tex], [tex]x < b[/tex]?


This is correct.
 
  • #3
Great, thank you for your help. I will take it that the corresponding definition of "least element" is correct as well then.

Thanks again.
 
  • #4
Yes, the other definitions are correct as well :smile:
 

1. What is the definition of a strict ordering?

A strict ordering is a mathematical concept that describes a relation between two elements in a set. It states that if one element is related to another, then the second element cannot be related to the first, and there can be no element that is related to itself.

2. How is a greatest element defined in terms of strict orderings?

In terms of strict orderings, a greatest element is the element in a set that is related to all other elements, but is not related to any other element. In other words, it is the element that is greater than all other elements in the set.

3. Can a set have more than one greatest element in terms of strict orderings?

No, a set can only have one greatest element in terms of strict orderings. If there were two elements that were both related to all other elements, then they would be related to each other, violating the definition of a strict ordering.

4. How is a least element defined in terms of strict orderings?

In terms of strict orderings, a least element is the element in a set that is related to all other elements, but is not related to any other element. In other words, it is the element that is smaller than all other elements in the set.

5. Can a set have more than one least element in terms of strict orderings?

No, a set can only have one least element in terms of strict orderings. If there were two elements that were both related to all other elements, then they would be related to each other, violating the definition of a strict ordering.

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