Breaking strength of a piece of material

In summary, the likelihood of a piece of rope or wire breaking in the real world depends on the situation. In a scenario where it is being pulled by two people in opposite directions, the force exerted by the two individuals is equivalent and the rope is likely to break under the same conditions. However, if one end of the rope is looped around a stationary pole, the distribution of internal stress may become uneven and increase the chances of the rope breaking. This is especially true if the diameter of the pole is decreased, resulting in higher local stress on the rope.
  • #1
Pengwuino
Gold Member
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Ok so I was wondering something... in which situation, if any, is a piece of material more likely to break in the real world...

1) A piece of rope or wire that is being pulled on by two people in opposite directions.

2) A piece of rope or wire being pulled but the other side is a looped around a stationary poll

Now if both of the pieces of rope are just closed loops... I assume that they'll both break under the same conditions since (if the two people use equal force) the normal force by the poll will simply be equivalent to the 2nd person 's pulling strenght from 1).

Am i right :)
 
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  • #2
Yes. You are correct. In the two person scenario, the one is the reaction force in the opposite direction. If the two people are pulling with diifferent forces. the lesser force is going to be what the rope/wire sees. The excess force will go towards accelerating the system (both people moving).
 
  • #3
Pengwuino said:
Ok so I was wondering something... in which situation, if any, is a piece of material more likely to break in the real world...
1) A piece of rope or wire that is being pulled on by two people in opposite directions.
2) A piece of rope or wire being pulled but the other side is a looped around a stationary poll

Although, when the wire is considered a 1-dim object, you are correct of course that the two situations are equivalent, if you take into account the finite thickness of the rope, then I'd imagine you get a much uglier distribution of internal stress where the rope is tied up to the pole. In that case, you are more likely to (locally, somewhere within the cross section of the wire) to go beyond the maximally allowed stress and break the rope, then when two people nicely hold the rope in their hands and you get a nice, uniform distribution of stress across the section of the rope.
 
  • #4
To extrapolate Vanesch's answer a tad...
If you decrease the diameter of the pole, you'll increase the local stress on the rope. You can see that if you get it down to a few molecules of thickness, it'll slice right through it like a knife.
 

1. What is the breaking strength of a piece of material?

The breaking strength of a piece of material is the amount of force that can be applied to it before it breaks or fails.

2. How is the breaking strength of a piece of material determined?

The breaking strength of a piece of material is determined through testing in a controlled environment. A machine applies force to the material until it breaks, and the maximum force applied is recorded as the breaking strength.

3. What factors can affect the breaking strength of a piece of material?

The breaking strength of a piece of material can be affected by various factors such as the type of material, its thickness, temperature, and the presence of any defects or weak points.

4. Why is knowing the breaking strength of a piece of material important?

Knowing the breaking strength of a piece of material is important for determining its safety and reliability in various applications. It can also help in selecting the right material for a specific use and designing structures that can withstand expected forces.

5. Can the breaking strength of a piece of material change over time?

Yes, the breaking strength of a piece of material can change over time due to factors such as wear and tear, exposure to environmental conditions, and degradation of the material. It is important to regularly test and monitor the breaking strength of materials to ensure their continued safety and reliability.

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