The Gravitational Force on a Particle inside a Concentric Sphere and Shell

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In summary, a spherical shell with a mass of 133kg and a radius of 2.42m is concentric with a uniform solid sphere with a mass of 278kg and a radius of 1.16m. The magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by both the sphere and shell on a particle of mass 6kg located at different distances from the center was calculated using the equation F=GMm/r^2. The force is not zero at a distance of 0.56m from the center, contrary to initial belief. Further calculations were needed for distances of 1.66m and 2.84m.
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Homework Statement



A uniform solid sphere is inside and concentric with a spherical shell.

M1=133kg ---mass of shell
R1=2.42m ---radius of shell

M2=278kg --mass of sphere
R2=1.16m --radius of sphere

a) Find the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the sphere and spherical shell on a particle of mass 6 kg located at a distance 0.56 m from the center of the sphere and spherical shell.

b) Find the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the sphere and spherical shell on a particle of mass 6 kg located at a distance 1.66 m from the center of the sphere and
spherical shell.

c)Find the magnitude of the gravitational force exerted by the sphere and spherical shell on a particle of mass 6 kg located at a distance 2.84 m from the center of the sphere and spherical shell.




Homework Equations



F=GMm/r^2

The Attempt at a Solution


For the first one, I thought that the answer should be zero because I believed that the force on point masses inside a sphere/shell was zero.

I'm not sure how to begin with the rest because I think I'm overlooking something in the first part.
 
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The gravitational force at distance r from a homogeneous sphere is the same as if all the mass contained in a sphere of radius r concentrated in the centre. So the gravitational force at 0.56 m from the centre is not zero.

ehild
 

1. What is Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem?

Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem, also known as the Shell Theorem or the Shell Law, is a fundamental principle in classical mechanics that describes the gravitational force exerted by a spherically symmetric body on a particle located outside of the body.

2. Who discovered Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem?

Sir Isaac Newton, an English mathematician, physicist, and astronomer, is credited with discovering the Shell/Sphere Theorem in his famous work "Philosophiæ Naturalis Principia Mathematica" published in 1687.

3. What is the significance of Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem?

Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem is significant because it provides a mathematical explanation for the gravitational force exerted by a spherically symmetric body, such as a planet or star, on an external object. It also allows for the calculation of the gravitational force at any point outside of the body, without needing to know the mass distribution of the body.

4. Does Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem apply to all spherically symmetric bodies?

Yes, Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem applies to all spherically symmetric bodies, regardless of their size or composition. This includes planets, stars, and other celestial bodies that have a spherical shape and uniform density.

5. How is Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem used in real-world applications?

Newton's Shell/Sphere Theorem is used in various real-world applications, such as predicting the gravitational force between planets and their moons, calculating the orbits of satellites and spacecraft, and understanding the structure and behavior of stars and galaxies. It is also an important concept in the study of celestial mechanics and astrophysics.

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