Forging terminology refers to the specific language or vocabulary used to describe the process of forging, which is the shaping of metal using compressive forces. It includes terms for different types of forging, tools and equipment used, and specific techniques.
There are several types of forging, including open die forging, closed die forging, impression die forging, and press forging. Each type involves different methods of shaping the metal, and the choice of which to use depends on the size, shape, and complexity of the final product.
Some common terms used in forging terminology include billet, which is the raw material used in forging, upset, which is the process of thickening the metal by hammering, and draft, which is the taper on the sides of a forged part to aid in the removal from the die.
The main tools and equipment used in forging include a hammer or press for applying compressive forces, dies for shaping the metal, and tongs for holding and moving the hot metal. Other tools such as chisels, punches, and swages may also be used for specific techniques or details.
Some common techniques used in forging include drawing out, which is the process of lengthening the metal, bending, which is the process of creating curves or angles, and fullering, which is the process of creating grooves or depressions in the metal. These techniques can be combined in various ways to achieve specific shapes and designs in the forged product.