DNA/Codon probability question

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In summary, DNA is a molecule that contains genetic instructions for living organisms. It is important because it determines an organism's traits and characteristics. Codons, which are sequences of three nucleotides found within DNA, encode for specific amino acids and are used to create proteins. The probability of a codon occurring is calculated by dividing its frequency in a DNA sequence by the total number of codons. This information can be used to predict genetic traits, but can be affected by factors such as mutations, natural selection, and environmental factors.
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johndoe3344
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Homework Statement



A library of randomly synthesized duplex DNA strands (length = 6 bp) is generated.
What percentage of these sequences would you expect that the restriction enzyme BamH1 (restriction site = GGATCC) would recognize?
a. 0%
b. 0.02%
c. 0.48%
d. 0.07%


Homework Equations


N/A


The Attempt at a Solution


I think that the answer is b, but I'm just looking for confirmation. My reasoning is that there are 4 possible codons, A,T,C,G and so the chance that a randomly synthesized DNA strand of exactly GGATCC would simply be (1/4)^6 or 0.02%
 
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Seems fine to me.
 
  • #3
.

Your reasoning is correct. The probability of a randomly synthesized DNA strand of length 6 bp containing the restriction site GGATCC is indeed 0.02%, which is option b. This is because each base (A, T, C, G) has an equal probability of appearing at each position in the sequence, and the probability of a specific sequence of 6 bases occurring is the product of the individual probabilities for each base. Therefore, the percentage of sequences that would be recognized by BamH1 would be very low, making option b the correct answer.
 

1. What is DNA and why is it important?

DNA, or deoxyribonucleic acid, is a molecule that contains all of the genetic instructions for the development and functioning of living organisms. It is important because it carries the genetic information that determines the traits and characteristics of an organism.

2. What is a codon and how does it relate to DNA?

A codon is a sequence of three nucleotides (building blocks of DNA) that encodes for a specific amino acid. Codons are found within DNA and are used to create proteins, which are essential for the structure and function of cells.

3. How are probabilities calculated for DNA codons?

The probability of a specific codon occurring is calculated by taking the frequency of that codon in a given DNA sequence and dividing it by the total number of codons in the sequence. This gives the likelihood of a particular codon appearing in that sequence.

4. Can DNA codon probability be used to predict genetic traits?

Yes, DNA codon probability can be used to predict genetic traits to some extent. By analyzing the frequency of certain codons in an individual's DNA, scientists can make predictions about their likelihood of developing certain traits or diseases.

5. What factors can affect DNA codon probability?

Several factors can affect DNA codon probability, including mutations, natural selection, and environmental factors. Mutations can alter the frequency of certain codons, while natural selection can favor the prevalence of certain codons. Environmental factors, such as exposure to toxins, can also impact the likelihood of certain codons appearing in a DNA sequence.

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