Bound state of a spin 3/2 particle in a potential

In summary, the conversation discusses a question about bound states and a spin 3/2 particle moving in a potential with a positive component. The necessary condition for a bound state is determined by the factor V1a, and the potential depends on angular momentum and spin. However, when r goes to infinity, the potential goes to 0 and the energy threshold for bound states depends solely on V0. The conversation also includes an attempted solution using Hamiltonian and central potential formulas, but the integral and matrix element remain unknown due to lack of information about V0.
  • #1
yarospo
3
0
Hello,
Up until now I was certain that a bound state is a state with energy below the minimum of the potential at infinity. However, in this question I don't know at all how to proceed.

Homework Statement


A spin 3/2 particle moves in a potential
[tex]V=V_0(r)+\frac{V_1}{r^3}L\cdot S[/tex]
and V0 > 0.
We define the eigenvalue of the operator [tex]L\cdot S[/tex] in the basis |J,L,S> as aJ,L,S while J=L+S.
What is the necessary condition on V1a to get a bound state. Should it
be positive or negative?

Homework Equations



The Attempt at a Solution


Right from the start what puzzles me is that I have no idea how V0 looks aside from the fact that it's positive. I also note that the potential seems to depend on angular momentum and spin, but their effects cancel out when r goes to infinity it goes to 0, and since V0>0 the energy threshold for bound states depends solely on it. But if I know nothing about it, then for example, taking [tex]V_0(r)=r^2[/tex] there is absolutely no restriction on the factor of [tex]\frac{1}{r_3}[/tex] - all the states will be bound.

Well, here's how I intended to continue, once I knew what I'm actually looking for:
Applying the Hamiltonian on the basis vectors (Using central potential formulas), I get:
[tex]E_{J,L,S}=<J,L,S|H|J,L,S> = \left.<J,L,S|V_0(r)\right|J,L,S>+a_{J,L,S}V_1<J,L,S\left|\frac{1}{r^3}\right|J,L,S>[/tex]
[tex]=\int _0^{\infty }dr r^2V_0(r)\left[R_{\text{nl}}(r)\right]{}^2+\frac{a_{J,L,S}V_1}{a_0^3n^3l\left(l+\frac{1}{2}\right)(l+1)} < ??[/tex]
 
Last edited:
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  • #2
>Where n, l, a0 are the usual quantum numbers related to the radial wave function.At this point I'm stuck, since I don't know what the integral in the first term should be (since I don't know what V_0(r) is), and I don't know what the matrix element in the second term is.Any help would be much appreciated! Thank you!
 

What is a bound state of a spin 3/2 particle?

A bound state of a spin 3/2 particle is a quantum state in which the particle is confined to a specific region, typically due to the presence of a potential well. In this state, the particle's energy is lower than its potential energy, allowing it to remain bound within the potential well.

What is the significance of a spin 3/2 particle in a bound state?

A spin 3/2 particle has a higher spin value than the more commonly studied spin 1/2 particles. This makes it a useful model for understanding more complex quantum systems, as well as for applications in nuclear physics and particle physics.

How is the bound state of a spin 3/2 particle described mathematically?

The bound state of a spin 3/2 particle is described using the Schrödinger equation, which takes into account the potential energy of the particle and its spin value. Solutions to this equation can then be used to determine the energy levels and wavefunctions of the particle in the bound state.

What factors affect the bound state of a spin 3/2 particle?

The bound state of a spin 3/2 particle is affected by the strength and shape of the potential well, as well as the particle's spin value and mass. Additionally, the presence of other particles or external forces can also play a role in determining the bound state of the particle.

What are the practical applications of studying the bound state of a spin 3/2 particle?

Understanding the bound state of a spin 3/2 particle has important applications in fields such as nuclear physics, quantum mechanics, and particle physics. It can also provide insight into the behavior of more complex quantum systems and aid in the development of new technologies and materials.

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