Potential step, classical vs quantum mechanics

In summary, the ratio \left| \dfrac{j_T}{j_R} \right| varies and may not be infinite in the case of a potential step with no reflected wave for x<0. It is important to consider the energy of the particles and use appropriate equations to fully understand the behavior of the transmitted and reflected currents.
  • #1
wanderlust.xx
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Homework Statement



We have the potential step

[itex]U(x) = 0, \ x < 0
\\ U(x) = U_0, \ x>0 [/itex]

Homework Equations

&

The Attempt at a Solution



If we measure, for example, the magnitude of the transmitted current [itex]j_T[/itex] over the reflected current [itex]j_R[/itex], so

[itex]\left| \dfrac{j_T}{j_R} \right| [/itex]

then classically we would expect no reflection for [itex]x<0[/itex], so we would have the reflected current as 0, whereas here if that were the case then... would this ratio be infinite?

I'm not sure if this is correct. I believe that the ratio involving the current of the incident and reflected [itex]\left| \dfrac{j_R}{j_{inc}} \right| [/itex] should classically be 0 since there's no reflected wave.

Just wanted to double check, really!
 
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  • #2


I would like to clarify that the ratio \left| \dfrac{j_T}{j_R} \right| is not necessarily infinite in this scenario. The behavior of the transmitted and reflected currents depends on the specific conditions of the potential step and the energy of the incident particles. In general, the ratio will vary and may not be infinite even if there is no reflected wave for x<0. It is important to analyze the potential step using the appropriate equations and consider the energy of the particles to fully understand the behavior of the transmitted and reflected currents.
 

1. What is a potential step in classical mechanics?

A potential step is a sudden change in the potential energy of a particle in classical mechanics. This can occur when a particle encounters a barrier or boundary that causes its potential energy to change abruptly.

2. What is a potential step in quantum mechanics?

In quantum mechanics, a potential step refers to the change in potential energy that a particle experiences when it encounters a potential barrier or well. However, in quantum mechanics, the particle's energy is described by a wavefunction rather than a well-defined value, making the concept of a potential step more complex.

3. How do classical and quantum mechanics differ in their treatment of potential steps?

In classical mechanics, particles are treated as point-like objects with well-defined positions and velocities, while in quantum mechanics, particles are described by wavefunctions that can exist in multiple places at once. This difference leads to different interpretations of potential steps in the two theories.

4. Can classical mechanics accurately describe potential steps in all situations?

No, classical mechanics is limited in its ability to accurately describe potential steps in certain situations, such as at the nanoscale or in systems with very high energies. In these cases, quantum mechanics must be used instead to accurately model the behavior of particles.

5. What are some real-world applications of potential steps in classical and quantum mechanics?

In classical mechanics, potential steps play a role in understanding the behavior of electrons in materials and in modeling the behavior of particles in particle accelerators. In quantum mechanics, potential steps are essential in understanding the behavior of electrons in semiconductors, which is crucial for the development of electronic devices such as transistors and computer chips.

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