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martyf
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What is the Aharonov-Bohm effect and why it is a conseguence of the gauge invariance?
The Aharonov-Bohm Effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which a charged particle that travels through a region where the magnetic field is zero can still be affected by the magnetic field due to the presence of a magnetic vector potential.
The Aharonov-Bohm Effect was first proposed by Yakir Aharonov and David Bohm in 1959 as a thought experiment. It was later confirmed through experiments in 1986 by Tonomura et al. using an electron interferometer.
The Aharonov-Bohm Effect has important implications for the concept of gauge invariance in quantum mechanics. It shows that the magnetic field is not the only way to interact with charged particles, and that the magnetic vector potential also has a physical significance.
The Aharonov-Bohm Effect demonstrates gauge invariance by showing that the physical results of quantum mechanical experiments are independent of the choice of gauge. This means that different choices of the magnetic vector potential can still produce the same physical results.
No, the Aharonov-Bohm Effect is a quantum mechanical phenomenon that is only observed at the subatomic level. It cannot be observed in everyday life as it requires extremely precise measurements and control of charged particles.