Joule Thomson Effect: Exploring the Minor Difference

In summary, when a real gas is allowed to expand adiabatically, its temperature decreases similarly to an ideal gas. However, there may be minor differences between the two. The unique aspect of the Joule-Thomson effect is that it can actually increase temperature during expansion. This effect also played a role in the development of the Kelvin temperature scale.
  • #1
jarman007
11
0
It occurs when a real gas is allowed to expand adiabatically


we all know when a ideal gas is expanded adiabatically it temperature decreases
so real gas should do the same with minor difference




so what is all the fuss about we all know it will happen

why is it given a special name
 
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  • #2
Question: did you look at wikipedia before posting?

jarman007 said:
we all know when a ideal gas is expanded adiabatically it temperature decreases
You seem to be thinking of isentropic, not general, adiabatic expansion.

jarman007 said:
so real gas should do the same with minor difference
so what is all the fuss about we all know it will happen
This can increase temperature.
 
  • #3
So unique thing about joule thomson effect is increasing of temperature on expansion
 
  • #4
In addition to the above comments, historically, measurement of the Joule-Thompson coefficient led to the development of the absolute (Kelvin) temperature scale.
 
  • #5
- Joule Thomson Effect?

The Joule Thomson Effect is given a special name because it is a specific phenomenon that occurs when a real gas is allowed to expand adiabatically. While it is true that the temperature of an ideal gas will decrease when expanded adiabatically, the Joule Thomson Effect shows that real gases may not follow this behavior exactly. This is due to the intermolecular forces present in real gases, which can cause them to deviate from ideal gas behavior. The minor difference observed in the temperature change during adiabatic expansion of real gases is a result of these intermolecular forces and is known as the Joule Thomson Effect. It is an important concept in thermodynamics and has practical applications in various fields such as refrigeration and natural gas processing. Therefore, it is worth exploring and understanding this phenomenon in order to fully comprehend the behavior of real gases.
 

1. What is the Joule Thomson Effect?

The Joule Thomson Effect, also known as the Joule-Kelvin Effect, is a phenomenon in thermodynamics where a gas experiences a change in temperature when it undergoes a change in pressure. This effect was first observed by James Prescott Joule and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) in the mid-19th century.

2. How does the Joule Thomson Effect work?

The Joule Thomson Effect occurs when a gas is forced through a small opening or porous material, causing it to expand and lose energy. This loss of energy results in a decrease in temperature of the gas. The amount of temperature change depends on the initial temperature and pressure of the gas, as well as the properties of the gas itself.

3. What is the practical application of the Joule Thomson Effect?

The Joule Thomson Effect has many practical applications, including in refrigeration and natural gas processing. In refrigeration, the effect is used to cool gases and liquids, while in natural gas processing, it is used to separate different components of the gas mixture based on their boiling points.

4. Can the Joule Thomson Effect be reversed?

Yes, the Joule Thomson Effect can be reversed by applying a reverse pressure gradient to the gas. This means that instead of the gas expanding, it is compressed, causing an increase in temperature. This process is known as the Joule Thomson Inversion.

5. How is the Joule Thomson Effect different from the adiabatic cooling effect?

The Joule Thomson Effect and adiabatic cooling are both processes that result in a decrease in temperature, but they work differently. The Joule Thomson Effect involves a gas expanding and losing energy, while adiabatic cooling occurs when a gas expands and does work on its surroundings, causing a decrease in temperature. Additionally, the Joule Thomson Effect is dependent on the initial temperature and pressure of the gas, while adiabatic cooling is not affected by these factors.

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