Tetanus inflammatory reaction

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In summary, tetanus is caused by a bacterium that is present as spores in soil and enters the body through wounds. The bacterium then secretes a toxin that causes neurological symptoms. Unlike other bacterial infections, there is no inflammatory reaction when the bacterium infects through wounds. This is because there is little innate immunity to the bacterium. Additionally, the bacterium can germinate in low oxygen environments, such as in dirty wounds, leading to symptoms that can be fatal. It is important to protect against tetanus by keeping wounds clean and receiving vaccinations.
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Manish7
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As i was passing reading tetanus and its causating bacterium ,pathogenesis, ,clinical manisfestations, i found that it is present as spores in soil and gains entry in body through wounds (except in neonatal tetanus ), germinates and then starts secreting toxin tetanospasmin leading to neurological recruitment.
My query is why isn't there is an inflammatory reaction when it infects through wounds as whenever there is bacterial infection infammation follows. If this inflammation would have been present it would surely counteract upon the bacteria or the spore (mainly). I think enzymes released by inflammatory cells may not be able to lyse spore but in this case there is no inflammation. What do you think ?

Also, C. tetani is an anaerobe how could the spore germinate in tissues where there is 24 hr oxygen supply (taking a normal person who just suffered a small wound) ??
 
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Manish7 said:
Also, C. tetani is an anaerobe how could the spore germinate in tissues where there is 24 hr oxygen supply (taking a normal person who just suffered a small wound) ??

Anaerobes can survive in wounds as well as in tissue clefts such as in the periodontal gingiva (gums). Dirty wounds with necrotic tissue, particularly puncture wounds, can host low O2 environments where clostridium tetani can germinate and produce its exotoxin. The circulating exotoxin is responsible for the symptoms which can be fatal. In wounds where the spores are present and conditions are not favorable, germination does not occur. But when it does, it's obviously best to be protected.

EDIT: Re inflammation, there is little to no innate immunity to C tetani, so inflammatory responses to germinating organisms would not be expected.

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18588497

http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8219/
 
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1. What is a tetanus inflammatory reaction?

A tetanus inflammatory reaction is a severe immune response to the bacteria Clostridium tetani, which produces a toxin that affects the nervous system. This reaction can lead to muscle stiffness, spasms, and potentially life-threatening complications.

2. How do you contract tetanus?

Tetanus is typically contracted through exposure to the bacteria through a wound or cut, especially if the wound is deep or contaminated with dirt, soil, or animal feces. It can also enter the body through burns, insect bites, or surgical procedures.

3. What are the symptoms of a tetanus inflammatory reaction?

The symptoms of a tetanus inflammatory reaction can include muscle stiffness, painful muscle spasms (especially in the jaw), difficulty swallowing, fever, sweating, and rapid heart rate. In severe cases, it can also cause difficulty breathing, seizures, and even death.

4. How is a tetanus inflammatory reaction diagnosed?

A tetanus inflammatory reaction is typically diagnosed based on physical examination and medical history, particularly if there is a recent wound or injury. Laboratory tests may also be conducted to detect the presence of the bacteria or its toxin in the body.

5. How is a tetanus inflammatory reaction treated?

Treatment for a tetanus inflammatory reaction typically involves administering a tetanus antitoxin to neutralize the toxin in the body. Antibiotics may also be prescribed to kill the bacteria. In severe cases, other medications and supportive care may be needed to manage symptoms and prevent complications.

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