Explaination of Surface tension of water

In summary, surface tension of water is caused by cohesive and adhesive forces between water molecules. Cohesive force is the electrostatic attraction between molecules, while adhesive force is the attraction between molecules in the bulk liquid and the surface film of water. The surface film has higher energy due to the lack of surrounding molecules, which causes molecules to easily evaporate. In order to decrease the internal pressure of the surface film, the surface becomes more curved according to Euler-Lagrange. This results in a decrease in surface area.
  • #1
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Please read it , and tell whether it is correct. No explanation also okay. Thanks


Surface tension of water.
 Cohesive and adhesive forces
 Cohesive force is the forces between water molecules.
 Molecule in the bulk liquid is attracted by other molecules in all direction due to the electrostatic forces between negative polarity of oxygen in one water molecule and the positive polarity of hydrogen from the other water molecules.
 Molecules from the surface film of water do not have other molecules surrounded in all direction. So these molecules are not pulled or tied in all direction has higher energy ( I think that is why molecules from water surface easy evaporate).
 Molecules from the surface tension will be attracted by others beside them and molecules from bulk water. The internal pressure / potential energy of the molecules will be higher when they get closer.
 According to Euler-Lagrange, in order to decrease the higher internal pressure of the molecules from surface film. The surface become more curvature. The surface area of the surface film decrease.
 
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  • #2

What is surface tension?

Surface tension is a physical property of liquids that causes the surface of a liquid to act like a thin, elastic sheet. It is the force that holds the molecules of a liquid together, creating an invisible "skin" on the surface.

How is surface tension measured?

Surface tension is typically measured in units of force per unit length, such as newtons per meter or dynes per centimeter. It can be measured using a variety of techniques, including the capillary rise method, the drop weight method, and the pendant drop method.

What factors affect the surface tension of water?

The surface tension of water can be affected by temperature, impurities, and the presence of other substances such as surfactants. Higher temperatures generally decrease surface tension, while impurities and surfactants can either increase or decrease surface tension depending on their chemical properties.

How does surface tension contribute to the formation of water droplets?

Surface tension plays a crucial role in the formation of water droplets. As water molecules are attracted to each other, they form a spherical shape due to the surface tension, which tries to minimize the surface area of the droplet. This is why water droplets are round and have a distinct surface tension.

What are some practical applications of surface tension of water?

The surface tension of water has various practical applications, including in the formation of raindrops, the ability of insects to walk on water, and the functioning of our lungs. It is also used in industrial processes such as coating and printing, and in the creation of soap bubbles and foam.

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