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professor
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-how to predict the bond angles of ions/molecules...how?
whozum said:Learn about electron domain geometry before worrying about bond angles. The bond angle is determined by the molecular shape and electronegativity of the moleucle.
The main factors that influence bond angles in ions/molecules are the number and type of electron pairs around the central atom, the repulsion between these electron pairs, and the geometry of the molecule. Other factors such as electronegativity, bond length, and hybridization may also play a role.
Bond angles can be predicted using the Valence Shell Electron Pair Repulsion (VSEPR) theory, which states that electron pairs around the central atom will arrange themselves in a way that minimizes repulsion between them. This leads to specific geometric arrangements and bond angles for different types of molecules.
While bond angles can be predicted using the VSEPR theory, there are some limitations to this method. Other factors such as bond polarity and molecular interactions may affect the actual bond angles in a molecule. Additionally, experimental data may be needed to determine the precise bond angles in some cases.
The shape of a molecule is directly related to its bond angles. Molecules with different shapes will have different bond angles, as the arrangement of electron pairs around the central atom will vary. For example, a linear molecule will have a bond angle of 180 degrees, while a trigonal planar molecule will have bond angles of 120 degrees.
Yes, there are a few exceptions to the VSEPR theory. For example, molecules with expanded octets, such as sulfur hexafluoride, do not follow the predicted bond angles due to the presence of d-orbitals in the central atom. Additionally, molecules with lone pairs on the central atom may exhibit slightly different bond angles than predicted due to the increased repulsion between the lone pairs and bonding pairs.