Entanglement is a phenomenon in quantum mechanics where two or more particles become connected in such a way that the state of one particle is dependent on the state of the other, even when separated by large distances. This means that measuring the state of one particle will instantly affect the state of the other, regardless of the distance between them.
Entanglement can occur through various processes, such as the decay of a particle into two entangled particles or the interaction of two particles in a controlled environment. The details of how entanglement occurs are still not fully understood, but it is a fundamental aspect of quantum mechanics.
There is no definitive maximum distance for particle entanglement. Experiments have shown entanglement between particles separated by hundreds of kilometers, but it is possible that entanglement could occur over even larger distances. However, as the distance between particles increases, the chances of entanglement decrease due to the effects of noise and interference.
No, particles cannot remain entangled indefinitely. Entanglement is a delicate and fragile state that can easily be disrupted by external factors such as interactions with other particles or environmental noise. The duration of entanglement depends on the type of particles, the distance between them, and the conditions of the environment.
There is currently no known limit to the number of particles that can be entangled. However, as the number of particles increases, the complexity of maintaining entanglement also increases. This is because the state of each particle is dependent on the state of every other particle, making it more difficult to keep all particles in an entangled state.