Does the Sign of the wt Term in EM Wave Propagation Matter?

In summary, the solution to the wave equation for traveling waves is of the form ψ(z,t) = Acos(wt-kz). In the course on Electromagnetism, it was learned that EM waves also have a traveling wave solution, E = E0cos(kz-wt). Changing the sign of the z term corresponds to a change in direction along the z axis, while changing the sign of the wt term does not affect the direction of propagation. Both terms have the same meaning and are interchangeable.
  • #1
km707
6
0
We were taught in the vibrations and waves lecture course that the solution to the wave equation for traveling waves is of the form ψ(z,t) = Acos(wt-kz).
In the Electromagnestism course we learned that EM waves are traveling waves and have the solution E = E0cos(kz-wt).

I know that changing the sign of the z term determines the direction of propagation along the z axis, but does that mean that the "-wt" term correspond to moving back in time? Or does the sign of the wt term not matter?

Thanks!
 
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  • #2


for the cosine function,
cos(kz-wt)= cos(wt-kz)

so it equals the a change of direction in space z.

does it answer you question?
 
  • #3


I don't understand what enricferni is saying.

cos(x) = cos(-x), right?

So cos(wt-kz) = cos(kz - wt). They mean exactly the same thing.
 

1. Does the sign of the wt term affect the direction of the electromagnetic wave?

Yes, the sign of the wt term does affect the direction of the electromagnetic wave. The direction of the wave is determined by the sign of the cosine function in the wt term. If the cosine is positive, the wave will travel in the positive direction, and if the cosine is negative, the wave will travel in the negative direction.

2. How does the sign of the wt term impact the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave?

The sign of the wt term does not directly impact the amplitude of the electromagnetic wave. The amplitude is determined by the magnitude of the electric and magnetic fields in the wave, which are affected by other factors such as the source of the wave and the medium it is traveling through.

3. Can the sign of the wt term change during the propagation of an electromagnetic wave?

No, the sign of the wt term remains constant throughout the propagation of an electromagnetic wave. The change in direction or amplitude of the wave is not due to a change in the sign of the wt term, but rather due to other factors such as interference or absorption.

4. Does the sign of the wt term have any impact on the frequency of the electromagnetic wave?

No, the sign of the wt term does not affect the frequency of the electromagnetic wave. The frequency is determined by the source of the wave and remains constant throughout propagation.

5. How does the sign of the wt term relate to the polarization of the electromagnetic wave?

The sign of the wt term does not have a direct relation to the polarization of the electromagnetic wave. The polarization is determined by the orientation of the electric and magnetic fields in the wave, which can be affected by the direction of propagation and the medium it is traveling through.

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