1 kJ/kg/K is the standard unit for specific heat because it is a measure of how much energy is required to raise the temperature of 1 kilogram of a substance by 1 Kelvin. It is used for many solids because it is a convenient unit that allows for easy comparison between different materials.
Specific heat for solids is determined through experiments where the amount of energy required to raise the temperature of a known mass of the substance by a certain amount is measured. This value is then divided by the mass and the temperature change to obtain the specific heat.
The specific heat of a solid can vary based on its composition, structure, and density. Different substances have different chemical and physical properties that affect how they absorb and retain heat. For example, metals generally have a lower specific heat than non-metals due to their higher density and molecular structure.
The specific heat of a solid is directly related to its thermal properties. Materials with a higher specific heat can absorb and retain more heat, making them better insulators. On the other hand, materials with a lower specific heat will heat up and cool down more quickly, making them better conductors of heat.
Yes, the specific heat of a solid can change with temperature. This is because the molecular structure and physical properties of a substance can change as it is heated or cooled. In some cases, the specific heat may increase with temperature, while in others it may decrease. This is an important consideration when studying the thermal properties of materials.