Wronskian to prove linear independence

In summary, the conversation discusses using the properties of the Wronskian to prove the existence of constants c_1 and c_2 in a differential equation problem, where v_1 and v_2 are solutions and f(x) is another solution. The Wronskian is defined as W(x)=v_1(x) v_2 '(x) - v_2(x)v_1 '(x) and has properties such as W' +aW =0 and W(x) = W(0)e^{-ax}. The conversation concludes with a proposed solution using the values of c_1 and c_2, but it is acknowledged that this may not always be true.
  • #1
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Homework Statement


Let [itex]v_1,v_2[/itex] be any two solutions of the differential equation [itex]y''+ay'+by=0[/itex] such that [itex]\frac {v_2}{v_1}[/itex] is not constant, and let f(x) be any solution of the differential equation as well.

Use the properties of the Wronskian to prove that constants [itex]c_1,c_2[/itex] exist such that:

[tex]c_1 v_1(0) + c_2 v_2(0) = f(0), \qquad c_1 v_1 '(0) + c_1 v_1 '(0) = f' (0)[/tex]

Homework Equations


Here are the relevant properties of the Wronskian, defined as [itex]W(x)=v_1(x) v_2 '(x) - v_2(x)v_1 '(x)[/itex]:

Let W be the Wronskian of two solutions [itex]v_1, v_2[/itex] of the differential equation [itex]y'' + ay' +by =0[/itex].
All the following holds:
[tex]W' +aW =0[/tex]
[tex]W(x) = W(0)e^{-ax}[/tex]
[tex]W(0) = 0 \iff \frac{v_2}{v_1} \text{is constant}[/tex]

The Attempt at a Solution



[itex]\frac{v_2}{v_1}[/itex] is not constant, so [itex]W(0) \ne 0[/itex], and therefore for some constant [itex]d[/itex] we have
[tex]dW(0)=f(0)[/tex]
[tex]d(v_1(0) v_2 '(0) - v_2(0)v_1 '(0)) = f(0)[/tex]
[tex][dv_2'(0)]v_1(0) + [-dv_1'(0)]v_2(0) = f(0)[/tex]

So for our solution, [itex]c_1 = dv_2'(0)[/itex] and [itex]c_2 = -dv_1'(0)[/itex], but this leads to

[tex][dv_2'(0)]v_1'(0) + [-dv_1'(0)]v_2'(0) = f'(0)=0[/tex]

Which is not always true.
 
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  • #2
Doh! - nevermind. Is there a way to delete a post?
 

1. What is the Wronskian?

The Wronskian is a mathematical tool used to determine the linear independence of a set of functions. It is represented by the symbol W and is typically used in differential equations.

2. How is the Wronskian used to prove linear independence?

The Wronskian is used to prove linear independence by evaluating the determinant of a matrix containing the given set of functions. If the determinant is non-zero, then the functions are linearly independent. If the determinant is zero, then the functions are linearly dependent.

3. Can the Wronskian be used for any set of functions?

No, the Wronskian can only be used for a set of functions that are differentiable. This means that the functions must have continuous first derivatives for the Wronskian to be a valid tool for determining linear independence.

4. Are there any limitations to using the Wronskian to prove linear independence?

Yes, there are some limitations to using the Wronskian. For example, if the functions in the set are not differentiable, then the Wronskian cannot be used. Additionally, the Wronskian may not be able to determine linear independence for some sets of functions with complicated derivatives.

5. Are there alternative methods for proving linear independence?

Yes, there are alternative methods for proving linear independence, such as using the definition of linear independence or using the Gram-Schmidt process. However, the Wronskian is a commonly used and efficient method for determining linear independence of a set of functions.

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