How Do You Solve Integrals Using Partial Fractions?

In summary, the conversation shows how to integrate \frac{5x^2+11x+17}{x^3+5x^2+4x+20}dx by using partial fractions. The resulting integral is \int \frac{2x+1}{x^2+4}+ \frac{3}{x+5}dx which can be solved using the natural logarithm and arctangent functions. It is important to check that the integrated form matches the original integrand and its derivative.
  • #1
nameVoid
241
0
[tex]
\int \frac{5x^2+11x+17}{x^3+5x^2+4x+20}dx
[/tex]
[tex]
\int \frac{5x^2+11x+17}{(x^2+4)(x+5)}dx
[/tex]
[tex]
\frac{Ax+B}{x^2+4}+\frac{C}{x+5}=\frac{5x^2+11x+17}{(x^2+4)(x+5)}
[/tex]
[tex]
(Ax+B)(x+5)+C(x^2+4)=5x^2+11x+17
[/tex]
[tex]
Ax^2+5Ax+Bx+5B+Cx^2+4C=5x^2+11x+17
[/tex]
[tex]
x^2(A+C)+x(5A+B)+(5B+4C)=5x^2+11x+17
[/tex]
[tex]
A+C=5, 5A+B=11, 5B+4C=17
[/tex]
[tex]
A=5-C
[/tex]
[tex]
5(5-C)+B=11, 25-5C+B=11, B=-14+5C
[/tex]
[tex]
5(-14+5C)+4C=17, -70+29C=17, C=3, B=1, A=2
[/tex]
[tex]
\int \frac{2x+1}{x^2+4}+ \frac{3}{x+5}dx
[/tex]
[tex]
ln(x^2+4) +aractan(x/2)/2+3ln|x+5|+Z
[/tex]
orginally I thought I had made a mistake somwhere but I believe this is correct please make suggestions I am new to this technique
 
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  • #2
Looks good, but I haven't checked each detail. Two things you can do are
1) check that (2x + 1)/(x2 + 4) + 3/(x + 5) = your original integrand.
2) check that d/dx[ln(x2 + 4) + 1/2*arctan(x/2) + ln|x + 5| = your original integrand.
 

1. What are partial fractions?

Partial fractions are a method used in mathematics to decompose a rational function into a sum of simpler fractions.

2. Why do we use partial fractions?

Partial fractions can help us solve integrals, simplify complex expressions, and find the roots of polynomials.

3. How do you perform partial fractions?

To perform partial fractions, we first factor the denominator of the rational function. Then, we set up a system of equations and solve for the unknown coefficients using algebraic techniques.

4. Can all rational functions be decomposed using partial fractions?

No, not all rational functions can be decomposed using partial fractions. The denominator must be factorable and the degree of the numerator must be less than the degree of the denominator.

5. What are some real-life applications of partial fractions?

Partial fractions have applications in fields such as engineering, physics, and economics. They can be used to model and analyze complex systems, such as electrical circuits, fluid dynamics, and financial portfolios.

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