Question about ellipses described in the two-body problem

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In summary: This formula is derived from the two-body problem, where both bodies are under the influence of their mutual attractions and each body describes its own ellipse with respect to the center of mass of the system. In summary, the eccentricity vector for each ellipse can be calculated using the formula e = {|v|^2 r / μ} - {(r⋅v) v / μ} - {r / |r|}, derived from the two-body problem.
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pc2-brazil
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Good afternoon,

Suppose a two-body problem, where both bodies, of masses m1 and m2, are under influence of their mutual attractions. I know that, for the motion of one body relative to the other, this body describes a conic section whose eccentricity is given by the magnitude of the following vector:
[tex] \mathbf{e} = {\mathbf{\left |v \right |}^2 \mathbf{r} \over {\mu}} - {(\mathbf{r} \cdot \mathbf{v} ) \mathbf{v} \over{\mu}} - {\mathbf{r}\over{\left|\mathbf{r}\right|}}[/tex], where [tex]\mu[/tex] = G(m1 + m2)
(see http://books.google.com.br/books?id...resnum=2&ved=0CCkQ6AEwAQ#v=onepage&q&f=false", page 26).
Anyway, I know that each body in a two-body system describes its own ellipse with respect to the center of mass of the system.
I would like to know how to calculate the eccentricity vector for each one of these ellipses.

Thank you in advance.
 
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The eccentricity vector for each ellipse can be calculated using the formula: e = {|v|^2 r / μ} - {(r⋅v) v / μ} - {r / |r|}, where v is the relative velocity of the two bodies and r is the relative position vector. The same formula can be used to calculate the eccentricity of each ellipse, with the appropriate values of v and r substituted.
 

1. What is the two-body problem?

The two-body problem is a mathematical and physical problem that involves predicting the motion of two objects in space under the influence of their mutual gravitational attraction. It is a simplified version of the three-body problem, which is considered to be one of the most complex problems in celestial mechanics.

2. How does an ellipse relate to the two-body problem?

An ellipse is the shape of the orbit that two objects in space follow when they are under the influence of each other's gravitational pull. In the two-body problem, the two objects are assumed to be point masses, and their orbits are described as elliptical. This is known as Kepler's first law of planetary motion.

3. What are the key parameters of an ellipse in the two-body problem?

The key parameters of an ellipse in the two-body problem are the semi-major axis, eccentricity, and orientation. The semi-major axis is the distance from the center of the ellipse to the farthest point on the ellipse, and it determines the size of the orbit. The eccentricity is a measure of how elongated the ellipse is, with a value of 0 representing a perfect circle and a value of 1 representing a parabolic orbit. The orientation of the ellipse is described by the position of the perihelion, which is the point in the orbit closest to the center of mass of the two objects.

4. What is the significance of ellipses in the two-body problem?

Ellipses play a crucial role in the two-body problem because they provide a mathematical representation of the orbits of two objects under the influence of each other's gravitational pull. By studying the properties of these ellipses, scientists can make predictions about the motion of celestial bodies, such as planets, moons, and comets, in our solar system and beyond.

5. Can the two-body problem be solved exactly?

No, the two-body problem cannot be solved exactly due to its mathematical complexity. While there are analytical solutions for certain special cases, such as circular and elliptical orbits, there is no general solution for all possible scenarios. Therefore, scientists use numerical methods and computer simulations to model and predict the motion of two bodies in space.

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