Calculate \Delta H_{rxn}\circ for 2Al_{2}O_{3} to 4Al+3O_{2}

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In summary, \Delta H_{rxn}\circ is the standard enthalpy change of a chemical reaction, representing the amount of heat absorbed or released during the reaction at a constant pressure and temperature. To calculate it, you need to know Q, n, and \Delta H_{f} for each substance involved, using the formula \Delta H_{rxn}\circ = Q / n. The molar enthalpy of formation (\Delta H_{f}) is the heat released or absorbed when one mole of a substance is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states. It can be determined experimentally or calculated using Hess's law. The sign of \Delta H_{rxn}\circ can be used to predict the spont
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[tex]\Delta H_{f}\circ[/tex]=-1670kJ/mol for [tex]Al_{2}O_{3}[/tex]

What is [tex]\Delta H_{rxn}\circ[/tex] for
[tex]2Al_{2}O_{3}(s)\rightarrow4Al+3O_{2}(g)[/tex]

So clearly we simply multiply -1670*2=-3340kJ/mol.

The answer is actually POSITIVE 3340kJ/mol!

Can someone please explain to me how this reasoning works?

Thank you!
 
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You reverse the reaction direction, so you need to reverse the sign. If reaction is exothermic when going one side, it must be endothermic when going back.
 

1. What is the definition of \Delta H_{rxn}\circ?

The symbol \Delta H_{rxn}\circ represents the standard enthalpy change of a chemical reaction, which is the amount of heat absorbed or released during a chemical reaction at a constant pressure and temperature.

2. How do you calculate \Delta H_{rxn}\circ?

To calculate \Delta H_{rxn}\circ, you need to know the amount of heat released or absorbed during the reaction (Q), the number of moles of reactants and products (n), and the molar enthalpy of formation (\Delta H_{f}) for each substance involved in the reaction. The formula for calculating \Delta H_{rxn}\circ is \Delta H_{rxn}\circ = Q / n, where Q is usually expressed in Joules and n is the number of moles of the limiting reactant.

3. What is the molar enthalpy of formation (\Delta H_{f})?

The molar enthalpy of formation is the amount of heat released or absorbed when one mole of a substance is formed from its constituent elements in their standard states. The standard state refers to the most stable form of the element at a pressure of 1 bar and a temperature of 298 K.

4. How do you determine the molar enthalpy of formation for a substance?

The molar enthalpy of formation can be determined experimentally by measuring the amount of heat released or absorbed during the formation of the substance in a calorimetric reaction. It can also be calculated using Hess's law, which states that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes for each step of the reaction.

5. How can you use \Delta H_{rxn}\circ to predict the spontaneity of a reaction?

The sign of \Delta H_{rxn}\circ can be used to predict the spontaneity of a reaction. If \Delta H_{rxn}\circ is negative, the reaction is exothermic and will release heat, making it more likely to occur spontaneously. If \Delta H_{rxn}\circ is positive, the reaction is endothermic and will require an input of heat to occur, making it less likely to occur spontaneously.

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