The Lewis dot structure for ClO4- is a central chlorine atom bonded to four oxygen atoms. Each oxygen atom has six dots around it, representing the six valence electrons, and the chlorine atom has two dots and a negative charge, representing its seven valence electrons.
To determine the total number of valence electrons in ClO4-, you count the valence electrons of each atom and add them together. Chlorine has 7 valence electrons and each oxygen has 6 valence electrons, giving a total of 7 + (4*6) = 31 valence electrons.
The Lewis dot structure for ClO4- has a negative charge because the molecule has gained an extra electron, giving it a total of 32 electrons. This extra electron is represented by the negative charge on the chlorine atom.
The hybridization of chlorine in the Lewis dot structure for ClO4- is sp3, meaning that it has four electron pairs around it and forms four single bonds with the oxygen atoms. This results in a tetrahedral arrangement of the atoms.
The Lewis dot structure for ClO4- is considered a stable molecule because all of the atoms in the molecule have a full octet of electrons. This means that they have achieved a more stable electron configuration, making the molecule less reactive and more stable.
