Calculating the ratio of charges in Leyden Jar

In summary, Walter Lewin explains in his lecture that the charge on the glass in a Leyden jar is 12 times more than the charge in the air gap. This is due to the electric fields in the air gap and glass being different, with the electric field in the glass being 8*10^6 V/m. This results in the ratio of charge on the glass to the charge on the metal being 12, rather than 8/3 as expected based on the proportionality of charge to electric field.
  • #1
bksree
77
2
Hello
In Walter Lewin's lecture while explaining the Leyden jar he says that the charge on the glass is 12 times more than that in the air gap.
How is this obtained ?

Basically there are 2 metal containers separated by a glass sheet. The air gap between the outer conductor and glass is 1 mm, the thickness of glass is 3 mm and the airgap between the glass and the inner conductor is 1 mm.
The electric fields in the air gap and glass are worked out to be as below :

(i)air gap of 1 mm thickness and electric field of 3*10^6 V/m in it
(ii)adjacent to air gap is : glass sheet of 3 mm thickness and electric field of 8*10^6 V/m
(iii) another air gap of 1 mm thickness and electric field of 3*10^6 V/m in it

Since Q is proportional to AE, shouldn't the ratio of charge on glass to charge on metal be 8/3 ?

TIA
 
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  • #2
No, the ratio of charge on the glass to the charge on the metal is not 8/3. This is because the two air gaps have the same electric field. Therefore, the ratio of charge on the glass to the charge on the metal is 12.
 

1. What is a Leyden Jar?

A Leyden Jar is a scientific instrument used to store and discharge static electricity. It consists of a glass jar with metal foil coatings on the inside and outside, separated by an insulating material such as glass or wax.

2. How do you calculate the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar?

The ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar can be calculated by dividing the capacitance of the jar (C) by the capacitance of the outer coating (C1). This can be represented by the equation C/C1 = (1+ln(2d/l))/2, where d is the distance between the inner and outer coatings and l is the length of the jar.

3. What is the importance of calculating the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar?

Calculating the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar is important because it allows us to determine the amount of electric charge that can be stored in the jar. This information is crucial for understanding and conducting experiments involving static electricity.

4. Can the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar be changed?

Yes, the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar can be changed by altering the distance between the inner and outer coatings or the length of the jar. This will affect the capacitance of the jar and thus, the ratio of charges.

5. How is the ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar related to its voltage?

The ratio of charges in a Leyden Jar is directly proportional to its voltage. This means that as the ratio of charges increases, so does the voltage. Conversely, if the ratio of charges decreases, the voltage will also decrease.

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