How do vortices help astronomical structures to form?

In summary, based on the conversation, one could hypothesize that (1) vortices play an important role in structure formation, (2) shear is a significant factor in this process, and (3) vortex formation is a common phenomenon in astrophysical systems.
  • #1
oldman
633
5
I often watch tongues of cold mist spreading over a high plain ahead of an approaching cold front. Their upper surfaces are characteristically corrugated by whorls of mist rotating about a horizontal axis, which form and dissolve as a slab of cold air slides under the warmer upper air. Meshed with corresponding tranparent whorls that (presumably also) form on the lower surface of the upper warm air, I conclude that these rotating structures act as rollers that facilitate the localised shearing of the upper air mass relative to the intruding lower mass. The generation of such horizontal-axed structures shows clearly how easily fluid shear promotes vortex formation.

And in astrophysics, gravitational condensation promotes fluid shear:

The genesis of astronomical objects (for example the outer solar system of planets, moons etc.) is thought to initially involve the gravitational condensation of a rotating fluid mass. Non-interacting particles of the fluid follow Keplerian orbits and such a fluid mass is therefore sheared if it rotates. For example in the case of circular particle orbits in the rotating solar disc the tangential orbital speed varies inversely as the square root of orbit radius, rather than as the radius -- as it would in a non-sheared rigid disc.

One should therefore expect vortices in any rotating, condensing fluid. Indeed vortices in the solar system were proposed as long ago as 1643, by Descartes. And the way vortices can enable gravitational condensation in the solar system has been discussed quite recently by Chavanis.

What is the role of ...compactifying gravity, that leads to localised rotation, that leads to shearing in fluids, that leads to vortices... that are localised rotating fluid masses... that aid compactifying gravity... and so on in a astrophysical and cyclic way?

My head spins whenever I see mist rolling in and then turn to thinking of how the astronomical universe came to be so heterogeneous ? Does anyone know of a good web-accessible review article that can explain the spinning, as it were?
 
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  • #3
Naty1 said:
You might find this interesting...
...If dark matter is not mentioned, look for it as a spider web effect is suspected that aids galaxy formation...don't recall where I read about it...

I'm actually looking for a review article about the role of shear and vorticity in structure formation, rather than about dark matter. But thanks all the same, Naty1.

Numerical simulations of difficult vortex stuff seems to be of growing interest in the astrophysical community. For instance Lesur and Papaloizounote that:
... vortices may play
at least two important roles regarding accretion disc dynamics. First, they could lead to an efficient angular momentum transport process ...Second, they are a very efficient way to accelerate the planetesimal formation process in protoplanetary discs...
.

I can't help wondering if the importance of votices doesn't extend also to processes on a much larger scale, say to galaxy formation. Gravitationally induced fluid shear and vortex formation seem to me a potent recipe for localised structure formation. And spiral galaxies look so like whirlpools! --- even if their proximate cause is outwardly propagating waves of star formation.
 
  • #5
Naty1 said:
Duh...

??

Not the kind of sources I was hoping for, but thanks again.
 

1. How do vortices contribute to the formation of astronomical structures?

Vortices, or swirling patterns of gas and dust, play a crucial role in the formation of astronomical structures such as stars, planets, and galaxies. As these vortices rotate, they create turbulence and gravitational instabilities, causing the gas and dust to clump together and form denser regions. Over time, these clumps continue to grow and eventually collapse under their own gravity, forming stars and planets.

2. What types of astronomical structures are most affected by vortices?

Vortices are known to have a significant impact on the formation of protoplanetary disks, which are the disks of gas and dust surrounding young stars that eventually give rise to planets. They also play a role in the formation of spiral arms in galaxies, and can even help shape the overall structure of a galaxy.

3. How do vortices affect the motion of gas and dust in astronomical structures?

Vortices can cause the gas and dust in astronomical structures to move in a more organized and directed manner. This can lead to the formation of spiral arms, as well as the accretion of material onto young stars and planets. Vortices can also help to transport material across large distances, aiding in the growth and evolution of structures.

4. Can vortices form in the absence of gravity?

No, vortices require some form of gravity to form and sustain their rotation. Without gravity, there would be no force pulling the material together, and the vortices would dissipate. This is one of the reasons why vortices are primarily seen in astronomical structures, where gravity is a dominant force.

5. What other factors besides vortices contribute to the formation of astronomical structures?

While vortices play a significant role in the formation of astronomical structures, they are not the only factor at play. Other factors, such as magnetic fields, turbulence, and radiation also play important roles in shaping and evolving these structures. Additionally, the initial conditions of a particular region of space, such as the density and temperature of the gas and dust, can greatly impact the formation of structures within it.

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