Classical mechanics is a branch of physics that studies the motion and behavior of macroscopic objects, such as planets, cars, and tennis balls. It is based on the laws of motion and gravity as described by Sir Isaac Newton in the 17th century.
The fundamental principles of classical mechanics are Newton's three laws of motion, which state that an object will remain at rest or in uniform motion unless acted upon by an external force, the force acting on an object is equal to its mass times its acceleration, and for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction.
Classical mechanics deals with the behavior of macroscopic objects, while quantum mechanics deals with the behavior of microscopic objects, such as atoms and subatomic particles. Additionally, classical mechanics follows deterministic laws, while quantum mechanics follows probabilistic laws.
Classical mechanics has many real-world applications, including understanding the motion of planets and satellites, designing and analyzing machines and structures, predicting the trajectories of projectiles, and calculating the forces and stresses on buildings and bridges.
Classical mechanics has evolved significantly over time, with contributions from scientists such as Galileo, Newton, and Einstein. It has been refined and expanded upon to explain more complex systems and phenomena, such as relativity and quantum mechanics. Additionally, advancements in technology have allowed for more precise measurements and calculations within classical mechanics.