Why are prime numbers suddenly relevant in modern technology?

In summary, prime numbers are important in real life as they have various applications in information technology and other mathematical domains such as algebra. They are used in public-key cryptography for their difficulty in factorization and also give rise to generalizations like prime elements and prime ideals. Their prime-numbered lifespans also provide survival advantages for certain species like periodical cicadas. Although number theory was once considered useless, it has become relevant with the use of computers.
  • #1
matqkks
285
5
Why are prime numbers important in real life? What practical use are prime numbers?
 
Mathematics news on Phys.org
  • #2
Ask periodical cidacas why they use prime numbers for the cycle length.
 
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  • #3
from Wikipedia:
Primes are used in several routines in information technology, such as public-key cryptography, which makes use of properties such as the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors. Prime numbers give rise to various generalizations in other mathematical domains, mainly algebra, such as prime elements and prime ideals.

read more below:

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prime_number

http://arstechnica.com/science/2013/02/ask-ars-why-spend-time-and-money-finding-new-prime-numbers/
 
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  • #4
janhaa said:
Prime numbers give rise to various generalizations in other mathematical domains, mainly algebra, such as prime elements and prime ideals.

Definitely a real life application.
 
  • #5
Borek said:
Definitely a real life application.

Isn't math real life?

:-)
 
  • #6
Borek said:
Definitely a real life application.
For a mathematician it certainly is!
 
  • #7
Borek said:
Ask periodical cidacas why they use prime numbers for the cycle length.

Interesting Borek. I had to investigate:

http://www.businessinsider.com/why-are-cicada-lifespans-prime-numbers-2013-5

The fact that the surviving periodical cicadas have life cycles built on prime numbers may have conferred key survival advantages. A prime-numbered lifespan means that predators cannot match their own shorter life cycles to the availability of cicada prey. For instance, if the cicadas had even-numbered lifespans, a predator with a two-year life cycle could expect a cicada feast, and a subsequent population bump, every few generations, because all even numbers are divisible by two. As explained in 2001 by a trio of researchers from the University of Chile and the Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology in Germany, “a prey with a 12-year cycle will meet — every time it appears — properly synchronized predators appearing every 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 or 12 years, whereas a mutant with a 13-year period has the advantage of being subject to fewer predators.”
 
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  • #8
janhaa said:
from Wikipedia:
Primes are used in several routines in information technology, such as public-key cryptography, which makes use of properties such as the difficulty of factoring large numbers into their prime factors.

Poor Hardy! He went to his grave proud of the uselessness of number theory.

Strange that a discipline studied for millennia suddenly became useful only a couple of decades ago.
 
  • #9
SteveL27 said:
Poor Hardy! He went to his grave proud of the uselessness of number theory. Strange that a discipline studied for millennia suddenly became useful only a couple of decades ago.

true, but primes also became important with the invention and the use of computers ...
 

1. What are some common real-world applications of prime numbers?

Prime numbers are used in cryptography, which is the science of secure communication. They are also used in computer algorithms for tasks such as data encryption and data compression. In addition, prime numbers are used in generating secure passwords and in creating unique identification numbers for products and individuals.

2. How are prime numbers used in mathematics and number theory?

Prime numbers are fundamental building blocks in mathematics and number theory. They are used to study the distribution of numbers, to prove theorems, and to solve mathematical problems. Prime numbers are also used in the study of prime factorization, which is the process of breaking down composite numbers into their prime factors.

3. Can prime numbers be used in art and music?

Yes, prime numbers have been used in art and music to create unique patterns and rhythms. For example, the Fibonacci sequence, which is a sequence of numbers where each number is the sum of the previous two numbers, is based on prime numbers and is often used in art and music to create aesthetically pleasing compositions.

4. Are there any practical uses of prime numbers in everyday life?

Yes, there are several practical uses of prime numbers in everyday life. They are used in barcode scanners, credit card numbers, and in lottery systems. Prime numbers are also used in GPS systems to determine the location of a device and in creating secure internet connections.

5. What is the significance of prime numbers in the study of prime factorization?

Prime factorization is the process of breaking down composite numbers into their prime factors. This is important because it helps us understand the structure and properties of numbers. Prime numbers are the key components in prime factorization, and understanding their properties can help us solve complex mathematical problems and discover new mathematical concepts.

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