Effects of Magnetic field applied to Hydrogen-like atom.

In summary, when a magnetic field B is applied to a hydrogen-like atom, a new potential energy term of mu_b*B*L_z/hbar is introduced. The eigenfunction PSI_nlm remains an eigenfunction under this new potential energy term, and the eigenvalues are given by E_n + m*mu_b*B. This is shown by demonstrating that the new Hamiltonian commutes with the old one, as commuting operators share common eigenfunctions.
  • #1
cwatson
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1. Apply a magnetic field B to a hydrogen like atom. This gives rise to an additional potential energy term of mu_b*B*L_z/hbar

a) Show that the eigenfunction PSI_nlm is still an eigenfunction in the presence of the magnetic field

b) Show that the eigenvalues are E_n + m*mu_b*B



How do you show that the eigenfunction remains?
 
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  • #2
What's the usual Eigenfunction equation? (Hint, it is Schroedinger's equation), how has that changed with this added potential energy term?

Alternatively, does this new Hamiltonian commute with the old one? What do commuting operators have in common?
 

1. How does a magnetic field affect the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom?

The presence of a magnetic field can split the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom into different sub-levels. This is known as the Zeeman effect. The amount of energy splitting depends on the strength of the magnetic field and the quantum number of the energy level.

2. What is the significance of the Paschen-Back effect in the study of hydrogen-like atoms in a magnetic field?

The Paschen-Back effect refers to the merging of the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom when the strength of the magnetic field is increased. This effect is important in understanding the behavior of atoms in strong magnetic fields, such as those found in stars and other astronomical objects.

3. How does the orientation of a magnetic field affect the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom?

The orientation of a magnetic field can affect the energy levels of a hydrogen-like atom in two ways. First, it can change the amount of energy splitting between the sub-levels. Second, it can cause the energy levels to shift slightly, known as the Stark effect, due to the interaction between the magnetic field and the electric field of the atom.

4. What is the role of the spin of an electron in the behavior of a hydrogen-like atom in a magnetic field?

The spin of an electron plays a crucial role in the behavior of a hydrogen-like atom in a magnetic field. The magnetic moment of the electron, which is related to its spin, interacts with the magnetic field and affects the energy levels of the atom. This is known as the spin-orbit interaction.

5. How do the principles of quantum mechanics help explain the effects of a magnetic field on a hydrogen-like atom?

Quantum mechanics provides the theoretical framework for understanding the behavior of hydrogen-like atoms in a magnetic field. The concept of energy levels, wave-particle duality, and the behavior of electrons in an atom are all key principles that are used to explain the effects of a magnetic field on a hydrogen-like atom.

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