What is phase transition?

In summary, Phase transition is the physical process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another, and there are two main types: first-order and second-order. Examples include melting, freezing, vaporization, condensation, sublimation, and deposition. These transitions can significantly affect the properties of a substance, but in most cases, they can be reversed by changing the external conditions back to their original state. However, some phase transitions may be irreversible under certain conditions.
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loom91
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Hi,

I was wondering, what actually are phase transitions such as fusion or evaporation? I know thermodynamic definitions such as points where the Gibbs energy is non-analytic or heat capacity changes abruptly, but these say nothing about mechanism. Why does a substance suddenly change its characteristics radically? Thanks.

Molu
 
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1. What is phase transition?

Phase transition is the physical process in which a substance changes from one state of matter to another. This can occur due to changes in temperature, pressure, or other external conditions.

2. How many types of phase transitions are there?

There are two main types of phase transitions: first-order and second-order. First-order phase transitions involve a change in the internal energy of the substance, while second-order phase transitions do not.

3. What are some examples of phase transitions?

Some examples of phase transitions include melting (solid to liquid), freezing (liquid to solid), vaporization (liquid to gas), condensation (gas to liquid), sublimation (solid to gas), and deposition (gas to solid).

4. How do phase transitions affect the properties of a substance?

Phase transitions can significantly affect the properties of a substance. For example, the density, viscosity, and electrical conductivity of a substance can change during a phase transition. Additionally, the transition between phases can also affect the chemical and physical properties of the substance.

5. Can phase transitions be reversed?

In most cases, phase transitions can be reversed by changing the external conditions back to their original state. For example, melting can be reversed by cooling the substance back to its solid state. However, some phase transitions, such as the transition from liquid to gas, may be irreversible under certain conditions.

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