Motion in one dimension refers to the movement of an object in a straight line, where all its motion is along a single axis. This type of motion can be described using variables such as position, displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
Speed is a measure of how fast an object is moving, while velocity is a measure of both speed and direction. This means that an object can have the same speed but different velocities, depending on its direction of motion.
In one dimension, acceleration is calculated by dividing the change in velocity by the change in time. This can be represented by the equation a = (vf - vi) / t, where vf is the final velocity, vi is the initial velocity, and t is the change in time.
Average velocity is calculated by dividing the total displacement by the total time taken, while instantaneous velocity is the velocity of an object at a specific moment in time. Average velocity gives an overall picture of an object's motion, while instantaneous velocity provides information about its motion at a specific point in time.
The position-time graph shows the position of an object at different points in time, and the slope of the graph represents the object's velocity. A steeper slope indicates a higher velocity, while a horizontal line indicates a constant velocity. The area under the graph represents the displacement of the object during a given time interval.