Free radical polymerization

In summary, free radical polymerization is a process in which monomers are joined together to form polymers using free radicals. The steps involved are initiation, propagation, and termination, and the rate of polymerization can be affected by factors such as temperature and concentration. Some advantages of this process include its simplicity and ability to produce polymers with a high degree of branching. Common applications include plastic materials, adhesives, and synthetic rubber.
  • #1
mirandasatterley
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0

Homework Statement



When heating the methyl methacrylate reaction (methyl methacrylate and dibenzoyl peroxide) to 90-95oC, why do bubbles evolve from the solution?

Homework Equations



None

The Attempt at a Solution



I'm not sure why the bubbles form. Any hints or helpful websites?
 
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  • #2
What happens when you heat a peroxide?
 
  • #3


I would first analyze the reaction conditions and the components involved. In this case, methyl methacrylate is a monomer that undergoes free radical polymerization when heated in the presence of dibenzoyl peroxide, which acts as a radical initiator. The reaction is exothermic and produces a polymer chain, which continues to grow until all the monomer is consumed.

The formation of bubbles during this process can be attributed to the release of gas molecules, such as carbon dioxide, as a byproduct of the reaction. This can be confirmed by analyzing the chemical equation for the reaction and identifying any gaseous products.

Furthermore, the increase in temperature also leads to an increase in the kinetic energy of the molecules, causing them to move more rapidly and collide with each other. This can lead to the formation of gas pockets, which eventually rise to the surface and form bubbles.

Other factors such as the solubility of the gas in the reaction mixture and the presence of impurities can also contribute to the formation of bubbles.

In conclusion, the evolution of bubbles during the methyl methacrylate reaction is a natural consequence of the free radical polymerization process and can be explained by the chemical and physical properties of the components involved. Further research and experimentation may provide more insights into this phenomenon.
 

What is free radical polymerization?

Free radical polymerization is a process in which monomers (small molecules) are joined together to form long chains, or polymers, through the use of free radicals (molecules with unpaired electrons).

What are the steps involved in free radical polymerization?

The steps involved in free radical polymerization are initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step, a free radical is formed from an initiator molecule. In the propagation step, the free radical reacts with a monomer to form a new free radical, which then reacts with another monomer, and so on. In the termination step, two free radicals combine to form a non-reactive molecule.

What factors can affect the rate of free radical polymerization?

The rate of free radical polymerization can be affected by factors such as temperature, concentration of monomers, concentration of initiator, and presence of impurities. High temperatures can increase the rate of reaction, while impurities can inhibit it. Additionally, the type of monomer and initiator used can also impact the rate of polymerization.

What are some advantages of free radical polymerization?

Free radical polymerization is a relatively simple and inexpensive process that can produce polymers with a wide range of properties. It can also be used to produce polymers in large quantities, making it suitable for industrial applications. Additionally, free radical polymerization can be used to produce polymers with a high degree of branching, which can result in unique properties.

What are some common applications of free radical polymerization?

Free radical polymerization is commonly used in the production of plastic materials, such as polyethylene and polystyrene. It is also used to produce adhesives, coatings, and sealants. Additionally, free radical polymerization is used in the production of synthetic rubber, as well as in the synthesis of various specialty polymers used in medical, electronic, and other industries.

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